| Huang Shan Bai Cha 1,a single-season white leafy albino variety mutated from species of Huang Shan population,also a special germplasm resource of tea,owns its specificity of low chlorophyll content,low tea polyphenols and high amino acid content because of the restrained synthesis of chlorophyll during albino period.As a leaf-using cash crop,the requirement for nitrogen fertilizers(N fertilizers)is far more than other plants.Studies on albino tea in China mainly focus on the sensitive albinism,the mechanism of albinism and the green-up mechanism,but few attentions are paid to the effect fertilizers on albino tea.In most albino tea gardens of China,massive organic fertilizers are fed for a better yield and better economic benefit.However,studies on the application of fertilizers indicate that efficiency of organic fertilizers is low,which leads to a slower improvement of internal substances in tea compared with nitrogen fertilizers.In addition,researches show that more nitrogen losses exist in the application of organic fertilizers in the comparison with chemical fertilizers,which can be followed by a serious of water eutrophication.Without an appropriate amount of fertilizer leading to damage of ecological environment in soil,air pollution,water pollution,and the reduction in tea quality.Thus,it’s a burning issue for modern white tea industry on the development of environmental friendly fertilization as well as the selection of fertilization patterns and amount for better yield and quality in white tea.This study,focusing on the features of Huang Shan Bai Cha 1,selected slow release fertilizers,urea and organic fertilizers as the nitrogen source,at the level of20kg/667m~2 to explore the influence of fertilization on the inclusion,yield of Huangshan 1 and the soil nutrient by the slow release fertilizer treatments of normal nitrogen(N),nitrogen decreased by 25%(N1),nitrogen decreased by 50%(N2)with the combination of urea and organic fertilizers as the one basal with one additional fertilizers(T1)and one basal fertilizers(T2),which offered a reference for the boost in quality and yield of Huang Shan Bai Cha 1 as well as the improvement of soil nutrient.The conclusions were as follows:1.Both T1 and T2 can significantly improve the tea water extracts,caffeine,free amino acid content,reduce the content of tea polyphenols and the ratio of phenol ammonia.In spring and summer,T1 can improve the content of caffeine,free amino acid and reduce the content of tea polyphenols more obviously,the treatment of T1(OD)compared with CK can be respectively improved caffeine of 9.1%,free amino acid content of 13.5%,reducing the content of tea polyphenols 10.8%.There is no obvious difference in water extracts,phenol ammonia ratio betweent T1 and T2.2、Both T1 and T2 can increase the yield values such as the weight of hundreds buds ande the length of one bud two leaves in spring and summer.the spring and summer.The average weight of one hundred buds and the length of one bud two leaves with no fertilization can increased by 10.8%、8.1%,no significant difference between T1 and T2.T1 can significantly increase bud density in spring,T2 and CK had no significant difference.3、T1 and T2 can significantly improve soil fertility.The application of organic fertilizer on soil influence organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen.The content of organic matter in spring、summer and autumn is higher than other treatments.And increased 33.9%54.8%than CK.T1(BD)、T2(B)are higher than CK,but with mo significant difference.The content of total N and available N in T1(OD)and T2(OB、were higher than other treatments,T2(O)was the highest and increased by 34.3%,31.9%than CK,T1 is better than T2 in the increasing of available phosphorus and potassium,the effect of T1(OBD,OD)is more significant.The soil pH on T1and T2 in spring,summer,autumn still remained in the normal range,edecreased in spring,other seasons and treatments had no significant differences.4、The improtance of effect factors on the release amount of slow-release fertilizer nutrient in tea garden is:soil temperature>release period>soil moisture.The soil temperature at 10℃,moisture content of 80%,nutrient release amount to 67.1%at90d,soil temperature above 20℃,moisture content of 70%,nutrient release reached93%at 90d.5、Slow release fertilizer can significantly advance the start time whitening of Huang Shan Bai Cha 1,N1 can advance as early as 4 days.Fertilization treatments can extend more than 10d than CK,Both N、N1and N2 could increase the whitening degree of one bud and two leaves,and significantly reduced the chlorophyll conten of on bud and two leaves in new shoot,significant changes between treatments were not found.6、There is no significant between N、N1(OSD)on improving caffeine and water extracts,and reduce the content of tea polyphenols and phenol ammonia ratio,the content of free amino acid in spring under N1(OSD)is obviously higher than N,but no siginicant difference in summer and autumn.There is also no significant differences between N、N1(OSD)on yield values such as the weight of hundreds buds and bud denisity in spring.7、The content of organic matter in tea garden was not significantly between N1and N2.N1 and N2 compared with N,the total N is lower in summer and autumn.The content of available N in spring and summer is also reduced.available phosphorus,nitrogen and potassium had no significant with N.difference.The pH in spring and autumn had decreased,and no significant difference in summer. |
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