Research On Key Technology Of Harvesting Machine In Flat Banana Plantation

Harvesting operation is an important part of fruit production.At present,there are artificial harvesting and mechanical harvesting.Among them,banana harvesting in China is mainly artificial harvesting.The labor of manual harvesting is large,the harvesting efficiency is low,and the harvesting cost is high.The development of China’s banana industry.The banana planting model in China is mainly retail,and the environment of the banana plant is more complicated,which leads to the low level of mechanization of banana harvesting in China.This paper considers the agronomic characteristics and harvesting characteristics of bananas,and develops a banana harvesting machine to improve the harvesting efficiency of bananas,which is of great significance to the development of banana industry.This paper designs a banana harvesting machine by understanding the development of orchard machinery at home and abroad,combined with the cultivation of bananas in China.The main research contents are as follows:(1)According to the functional requirements of banana harvesting,the banana harvester should include a walking device,a lifting mechanism,a control system,and an end effector.The common orchard mechanical walking device,lifting mechanism and end effector are analyzed to determine the overall scheme of the banana harvesting machine: the wheeled trolley is used as the walking device,the electric hydraulic pump supplies the hydraulic cylinder,and the chain will be driven by the hydraulic cylinder.The end effector moves along the vertical rail to form a lifting mechanism,and it is determined that the clamping mechanism of the end effector is rotated by the motor to drive the screw,and the palm of the clamping rod is opened and closed to clamp the banana handle.(2)Based on the end effector,study the effect of the clamping mechanism and the cutting blade on the clamping and cutting of the banana.The design factors for theconditions affecting the clamping effect,as well as the design test plan and the construction test platform,the force of the sliding of the banana stalk under the clamping condition is the maximum bearing capacity,and the clamping force is applied.(ie,the pressing force),the number of nails,and the factors affecting the clamping effect are tested by single factor and multi-factor response surface method.The effects of various factors on the clamping effect are obtained respectively.The optimal clamping method is: The cylinder pressure is 0.4MPa,the number of nails is 10,and the rectangular arrangement is adopted.According to the influence of the cutting blade on the cutting effect of the banana,a 40-foot alloy serrated blade,a 4-foot optical blade,and an 8-foot optical blade were selected for comparison test,design test plan and test platform production.The three blades were tested separately.The flatness and crack degree of the banana shank after cutting the blade were used as the evaluation indexes of the cutting effect.The results showed that the 40-foot alloy serrated blade cut the banana handle with a flat cut and no cracks.Excellent cutting blade.(3)Establish the clamping mechanism model in Solid Works,use the finite element analysis software ANSYA Workbench to carry out finite element simulation of the clamping mechanism under the optimal combination,analyze its safety,and then carry out the clamping test.The simulation and test results show that In the optimal clamping mode,the clamping force can be stabilized when the clamping force is 500 N.When the lifting mechanism is in the limit working state,the theoretical analysis and static simulation analysis of the lifting mechanism frame are carried out,and the safety is analyzed,and then the experiment is carried out.The simulation and trial results show that the frame is stable under the limit working condition.(4)Developed a banana harvester prototype equipped with an ATV as a walking device,equipped with a lifting mechanism and an end effector,conducted a field experiment of the banana harvesting machine,verified the effect of the clamping mechanism under the field operation,and the safety of the prototype..The test results show that the developed banana harvesting machine can be harvested mechanically.