| To determine the effect of growing density on different kinds of corn,and the corn/soy system in which the corn is grown in different crops and the difference between the density of the corn and the soybean,to make the corn/soya system productive and efficient.From April to August,2016,this study was conducted on the test materials of the denghai 605(low rod compact-type corn),chuandan 428(medium-spike maize),the changyu 13(high-rod type)and the soybean as the test materials.Under the same fertilization condition,corn and soybean intercropping,maize(D1),52500(D2),60000(D3)and 67500 strains/hm~2(D4)were planted,and the growth dynamics,dry material accumulation,nutrient absorption and utilization,yield and system economic output of corn and soybean were studied.The main results are as follows:(1)After increasing the planting density of maize,the yield of each type of maize group and the dry matter accumulation in the ground were significantly increased,and when the density was D4,it reached the highest value,among which,the yield of the denhai 605,chuandan 428 and the changyu 13 was 7526kg/hm~2,8071kg/hm~2 and9649kg/hm~2 respectively.But dense planting has certain negative effects,ear of corn grain traits,ear rows and ear grain number is reduced,thus resulting in a decline in corn yield per plant,decrease the effect of density increasin.After the increase of planting density,the contribution rate of dry matter of each type of maize group was decreased,but the amount of dry matter transferred from stem and leaf was increased.The dry matter contribution rate,stem and leaf dry matter transport and transport rate were higher than those of middle pole corn and dwarf corn,while the density of dwarf corn was more affected.(2)The total accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was significantly affected by planting density.The higher the planting density,the larger the total accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the increase in the productivity of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer,and the decrease of nitrogen and phosphorus content in all parts of the corn plant.From silking stage to harvest,the vegetative organs to grain nutrients,aboveground vegetative organs each lower phosphorus accumulation and nitrogen content in the harvest.At the same time,the different varieties of corn and the amount of nitrogen and potassium in each region of the corn are very different,and the amount of nitrogen phosphate and the concentration of nitrogen phosphate is significantly higher than the Chuandan 428 and deng hai 605,the advantage of nutrient accumulation in high pole maize is obvious.(3)The yield and dry matter of the crop is gradually decreasing with the increasing density of the corn.In addition,the density of maize planting was increased,and the total accumulation amount of soybean nitrogen phosphate and the productivity of nitrogen phosphate fertilizer were remarkably reduced,but the nitrogen/phosphorus gain index and the utilization efficiency of each treatment room were not very different.(4)Corn planting density is different,corn/food with soybean system output difference is obvious,the short rod compact type denghai 605/soybean and corn growing,big changyu 13/soybean system output in 52500 plants/hm~2,biggest and rod in the ear of corn in chuandan428/soybean output in 60000 plants/hm~2 is the largest.To sum up,the increase of planting density can significantly increase maize yield,biomass and nutrient utilization efficiency,but maize planting density increases,soybean growth of intercropping is restricted,and the economic output value of the system declines,and the output value of the system is the largest when the planting density of changyu is 52500/hm~2.Therefore,the optimum planting density of maize and variety in the jade/bean intercropping system is the key to high yield and efficiency of the system. |
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