Combined Transcriptome And Metabolite Analysis To Reveal Physiology Function Difference In Different Colored Rice Varieties

Black rice and red rice are the most common and studied colored rice.Black rice is rich in anthocyanins,and red rice is rich in proanthocyanidins.A large number of studies have shown that in addition to rich anthocyanins,colored rice is also rich in trace elements,vitamins,etc.,and has strong physiological and functional activity,such as anti-oxidation,anti-aging,anti-cancer,etc.As a result,it has become a major natural health food and has been extensively studied.In this paper,three different colored rice were studied in combination with transcriptome,metabolites and physiology functions.The aim was to search for genetic factors regulating flavonoid biosynthesis and flavonoids with more physiological functions.Combined with the study of physiological functions,this study found that nutrient and health care components with important physiological functions,and thus derived the main role of genetic factors.The results were as follows:1.The transcriptional analysis found that the number of specific genes was the most red rice is 3417,followed by white rice is 329 and at least black rice is 227.93 of the differentially expressed genes were significant,and the genes with significant differences were mainly expressed between black rice and red rice.2.The analysis of the enrichment test of DEGs showed that the factors related to photosynthesis and photosynthesis were highly expressed.Further analysis showed that photosynthesis was the most significant enrichment in the comparison of red rice and black rice.The significant difference of chloroplast pathway was the largest number of genes.And genes Os01g0736000,Os02g0206550 and Os08g0434150 play a key role in the biosynthesis of flavonoids.The significant differences in flavonoid content and type between different color rice varieties may also be related to photosynthesis,biological and abiotic factors.3.The study found major and minor genes in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway.The dominant genes in the flavonoid pathways that regulate black rice and red rice are different.And the type and expression level of flavonoids are mainly affected by major effect genes.4.There are obvious differences in the content and species of flavonoids in black rice and red rice.In addition,the content and types of flavonoids of colored rice varieties were significantly higher than that of white rice.The results of the correlation analysis of 54 kinds of flavonoids detected showed that the flavonoids were positively correlated,and 16 of them were significant positive correlation.This shows that they are coordinated in the flavonoid synthesis pathway.5.The results of physiological experiments showed that all of the flavonoids,anthocyanins and procyanidins have certain physiological functions,but there are strong differences in different components.And red rice had a certain hypoglycemic effect.The antioxidant activity of red rice varieties is the strongest,followed by black rice varieties,the lowest is white rice varieties.Black rice has the ability to reduce total cholesterol,while red and white rice have no effect on total cholesterol.Regarding triglycerides,white rice showed the strongest performance,followed by red rice,and the effect of black rice was not obvious.