Ultraviolet Mutagenesis Breeding And The Selection Of Stress-tolerance And Fast-growing Strains Of Pleurotus Ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus,as one of the most productive edible fungi in China,is deeply loved by the people of our country.Its meat is delicious and nutritious.It has high medicinal value and a wide range of cultivation.Pleurotus ostreatus occupies a large part of China’s market economy,and with the development of China’s economy,the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus is increasing year by year.At present,the non-standard management and use of Pleurotus ostreatus has led to serious degradation of strains,which has affected the yield and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus.Breeding new varieties of Pleurotus ostreatus to meet market requirements has become an indispensable part of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation.Ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis technology was used to mutagenesis Pleurotus ostreatus strain P7 maintained in our laboratory.Mutants were screened mainly for mycelial growth rate,growth characteristics and dry weight of mycelium.High-quality strains were selected by investigating the growth status of mycelium of mutant strains.The screened strains were cultured and the growth period,commercial characteristics and yield of mushroom strains were analyzed.Water content,polysaccharide content,protein content and other indicators.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The lethal rate of Pleurotus ostreatus P7 was 92.50%in 4 minutes after irradiation at 30 cm under 30 W ultraviolet lamp.The viable colonies were cultured at 4 minutes and the mycelial growth was observed at different temperatures.The primary strains were P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P9,P10,P12,H1,H2,H3,H5,H7,H11,H14,H15,H16,H17,H19 and H22,respectively.The mycelial traits of P9 and P10 were weaker than those of P7.The dry weight of P1,P9,P10,P12 and H19 mycelia was less than that of P7,which decreased by 2.63%,3.63%,2.68%,3.35%and 4.01%respectively.The performance of other strains was better than that of P7.The strains P2,P3,P4,P5,H1,H2,H3,H5,H7,H11,H14,H15,H16,H17 and H22 were selected according to various indicators.The cultivation and culture of 15 strains were carried out in the later stage.(2)Corn cob and bran were used as raw materials to cultivate the selected strains in three stages of bagging and mushroom production.The growth duration of strains,mushroom shape and yield were determined.Among them,strain H7 had the shortest growth period in three stages,which was 34 days,36 days and 31 days,and the shortest growth period of fruiting body was 8 days,10 days and 7 days,respectively.The optimum strains for commercial traits are H3,H7 and H17,and their mushroom layers are neat and distinct.The strains with 100.00%mushroom yield in the third stage were P2,P5,H3 and H7.(3)The water content,polysaccharide content and protein content of the second phase of Pleurotus ostreatus were analyzed.The lowest water content strain was H15,followed by H7.The strain with the highest polysaccharide content was P2,followed by H7,the strain with the highest protein content was H7,followed by H17.Under comprehensive conditions,strain H7 was selected,followed by strain P2.