| This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different sizes brood cages on stress and growth of "Beijing Hong Number One"breed cocks,and investigate on the related mechanism by immunity and anti oxidation.A total of 1 day old 650 healthy "Beijing Red 1 "parent stock cocks were randomly selected for the experiment.450 birds among them were divided equally into three groups and housed in large,medium and small rearing cages respectively(numbered A,B,and C group respectively).The rest of them were used to fill the cage to ensure the stocking density of each cage remain same.The entire experiment lasted for 18 weeks,from the first week to the sixth week was the brood period,from seventh week to eighteenth week was the incubation period.Feed consumption and body weight of each group were counted regularily.30 cocks were randomly selected every two weeks from each group to determine growth development performance.H5,H9 and ND antibody titers were detected every two weeks from the four week to eighteen week.At the 6,10,14 and 18 weeks,skeletal muscle injury and the serum index of cocks were measured.The results showed that:1.growth and development performanceDuring the brooding period:Body weight and tibia length values of cocks were not significantly different among the three groups at 1 day and 14 days old(P>0.05),but significantly different at the age of 42 days(P<0.05),and from A to C group,the values of them decreased successively;The values of group A and group B were significantly higher than that of group C at the age of 28 days(P<0.05).At the age of 14 days,the shank girth of group A was significantly higher than that in group B and group C(P<0.05).At the age of 28 days,the shank girth of group A and group B was significantly higher than group C(P<0.05).At the age of 42 days,group A>group B>group C,there was significant different among three groups(P<0.05).The regularity of feed-weight ratio was group B>group A>group C from age of 1 day old to 2 weeks,group A,group B and group C were increased in turn after age of 2 weeks.During the incubation period:At the age of 56 days,the regularity of average body weight was group A>group B>group C,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).Except for age of 56 days,the weight of group A and group B were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05).At the age of 84 and 98 days,the regularity of shank length was group A>group B>group C,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).At the age of 112 days,shank length of group A was significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.05).Except for age of 84、98 and 112 days,shank length of group A and group B were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05).At the age of 84 days,the shank girth of group A was significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.05).At the age of 126 days,the regularity of was group A>group B>group C,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).Except for age of 84 and 126 days,shank girth of group A and group B were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05).The regularity of feed-weight ratio was group B>group A>group C from age of 7 to 8 weeks;group A>group C>group B from age of 9 to 10 weeks;group A,group B and group C were increased in turn from age of 11 to 16 weeks;group C>group A>group B from age of 17 to 18 weeks.2.At the age of 6 week in brood period and at the age of 10、14、18 week in incubation period,the cortisol concentration of group A,group B and group C were increased in turn,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).3.At the age of 14 and 18 week in incubation period(high temperature in Summer),the HSP70 concentration of group A,group B and group C were increased in turn,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).4.There was no bone and muscle damage on three groups of breed cocks in brood period;and at the age of 10、14、18 week in incubation period,only group B and group C of breed cocks did have leg fracture in brood period.At the age of 6 week in brood period and at the age of 10、14、18 week in incubation period,the creatine kinase concentration of group A,group B and group C were increased in turn,only at the age of 14 and 18 week,there was significant difference among 3 groups(P<0.05).5.At the age of 6 week in brood period and at the age of 10,14,18 week in incubation period,the MDA、GSH-Px and SOD of group A,group B and group C were increased in turn,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).6.At the age of 6 week in brood period and at the age of 10,14,18 week in incubation period,the IgG and IgA level of group A,group B and group C were increased in turn,there was significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).7.Only at the age of 6 weeks,H5 antibody titers of group A and group B were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05);Only at the age of 4 weeks,H9 antibody titers of group A were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05);at the age of 4 and 6 weeks,ND antibody titers were Highest,there was no significant effect among 3 groups(P<0.05).Except for age of 10 weeks,H5 antibody titers of group A were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05);at the age of 12,14 and 18 weeks,group A were significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.05);at the age of 8 and 16 weeks,group B were significantly higher than that of group C in incubation period(P<0.05).H9 antibody titers of group A,group B and group C were induced in turn,except for age of 10 weeks,there was significant effect between group A and group B(P<0.05);at the age of 8,12 and 14 weeks,there was significant effect between group B and group C(P<0.05);there was significant effect between group A and group B after age of 14 weeks(P<0.05).In incubation period,ND antibody titers of group A,group B and group C were induced in turn,at the age of 12,14 and 16 weeks,there was significant effect between group A and group C(P<0.05);only at the age of 14 weeks,there was significant effect between group A and group B(P<0.05);only at the age of 16 weeks,there was significant effect between group B and group C(P<0.05).In conclusion:Compared with the cocks reared in middle and small cages,that breed in big cage suffered the lowest degree stress.The antioxidant properties,the immune effect of the vaccine and the growth performance of cocks breed in big cage were the best. |
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