Study On Extraction And The Regulating Effect On Blood Lipid Of Han Yuan Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim Seed Oil

In this study,Han Yuan Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seeds were used as raw materials to optimize the extraction process of seed oil by response surface methodology.The physicochemical properties of seed oil were determined,then the antioxidant capacity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil was test.Next,a hyperlipemia mice model was established by high-fat diet to observe the effect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet mice,and explore the molecular mechanism.The main results are as follows:(1)Study on optimization of extraction and physicochemical properties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim Seed OilAs raw material,the Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil was extracted by using ultrasound-assisted extracted method.Based on the single factor experiment,the best parameters were obtained by response surface method.The optimized extraction methods were as follow:ultrasonic power 270 W,material-liquid ratio 1:16 g/m L,extraction time 75min,with the maximum extraction rate reached 22.94%.Ultrasound-assisted extraction method greatly shortens the extraction time and reduces the material-liquid ratio.The fatty acid compositions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and physicochemical properties were determined according to the national standard GB/2716-2018.The results showed that the ultrasound-assisted extracted method significantly improves the efficiency of extraction.Han yuan Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids,but the acid value of seed oil is high.(2)Study on the biological activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oilThe antioxidant activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil was evaluated by determination of DPPH free radical scavenging ability.The IC₅₀of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil is 1.87 mg/m L,lower than that of control group BHT(IC₅₀is 0.31 mg/m L),indicating that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil has certain antioxidant activity.In animal experiments,KM mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,low-dose group(0.1 m L/d),medium-dose group(0.2 m L/d),high-dose group(0.3m L/d)and positive control group(0.3 m L/d Simvastatin).The hyperlipidemia mouse model was established by a high-fat diet.The results showed that,the mice in the model group gained significantly more weight,significantly increased serum cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and triglyceride(TG),and significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),indicating that the a hyperlipemia mice model was established,with abnormal lipid metabolism.Compared with the model group,the mice in the low-dose group had significantly lower body weight and lower blood lipid,but the effect was not significant.The body weight of medium-dose mice decreased significantly,and the contents of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly,but the contents variation of TG and HDL-C were not significant.The contents of TC,LDL-C and HDL-C in serum were significantly changed in the high-dose group.The results showed that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil had a regulating effect on abnormal lipid metabolism,and the best effect was achieved when intake was 0.3 m L/d.The results of the determination of antioxidant index of the liver of mice with Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil showed that the dyslipidemia of the liver would reduce the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT),and lead to the accumulation of lipid peroxides malondialdehyde(MDA)in the liver.And the intake of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil at different doses all improved the antioxidant index of mice liver,and the optimum efficiency was achieved when high dose was given.In addition,the expression of HMG-Co A reductase and CD36 protein in mice liver was detected by Western-blot.The results showed that,after ingesting Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil,the expression level of HMG-Co A reductase in mice decreased significantly while the expression level of CD36 protein increased.This may be one of the potential molecular mechanisms of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil in regulating abnormal lipid metabolism.