Conservation genetics of Canadian caribou (Rangifer tarandus) herds

I investigated herd differentiation of caribou ( Rangifer tarandus) populations in Canada using microsatellite DNA analysis. Seven microsatellite DNA loci were used to quantify herd discreteness at the population level, and to measure herd differentiation and structure. Herds that were surveyed include three different subspecies of Rangifer tarandus: R. t. pearyi (Banks Island and Victoria Island); R. t. groenlandicus (Bluenose, Bathurst, Beverly, Qamanirjuaq and Boothia Peninsula); and R. t. caribou (Cape Churchill, George River, Pen Islands and Saskatchewan).; The results of microsatellite DNA analysis suggest that herds interbred and there is strong evidence indicating gene flow between and among many herds. Caribou herds are not genetically discrete, but are behaviourly distinct with respect to fidelity to calving grounds and seasonal migration routes. This work represents a preliminary step in quantifying genetic variation in Canadian caribou herds, and in defining units for conservation and management to ensure herd vitality.