Dietary intake of choline and neural tube defects in Mexican Americans

Low maternal intake of dietary choline and betaine (a choline derivative) has recently been investigated as a possible risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs). This case-control study examined the NTD risk associated with choline and betaine in 409 Mexican-American women who gave birth during 1995-2000 in the 14-county border region of Texas. Using data from the food frequency questionnaire and the lowest quartiles of intake as the reference categories, a protective association was found between higher intakes of choline and betaine and NTD risk although the 95% confidence intervals for all risk estimates included 1.0. For choline intake in the second, third, and fourth quartiles, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 1.2, 0.80, and 0.89 respectively. Betaine appeared more protective with ORs of 0.62, 0.73, and 0.61 respectively for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of intake. Study findings suggest that dietary choline and betaine may help to prevent NTDs.