Analysis On The Spatio-temporal Evolution And Influencing Factors Of Rural-urban Income Polarization In China

The report to the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out many times that the gap between urban and rural areas and between regional development and income distribution in China is still large,and efforts must be made to solve it.Since income polarization is more serious than income inequality,it is necessary to study the distribution pattern of urban and rural income from the perspective of income polarization in order to prevent it.In this paper,ER index and EGR index were used to measure the degree of China's urban and rural income polarization from 1988 to 2017 based on the perspectives of China and four economic regions.On this basis,this paper visually displayed the spatial distribution pattern of urban and rural income polarization and analyzed the spatial correlation by using ArcGIS.And the spatial panel regression model was constructed to analyze the factors influencing the polarization of urban and rural income.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)the results of the polarization of urban and rural income.From the time dimension,EGR index shows that the overall trend of China's urban and rural income polarization is declining,and it presents an m-type development trend.Compared with ER index,it can truly reflect the changing trend of China's urban and rural income polarization.From the perspective of regional dimension,the polarization degree of urban and rural income is from high to low in the western region,central region,northeast region and eastern region.From the spatial dimension,China's urban and rural income polarization presents the characteristics of "high-high" and "low-low" clusters,with obvious global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation.(2)the results of the factors influencing the polarization of urban and rural income.Under the national sample,the improvement of per capita GDP,level of opening up to theoutside world,level of financial development,level of industrial structure and level of human capital will positively expand the polarization of urban and rural income in this region,while the increase of urbanization level and agricultural support will reduce the polarization of urban and rural income in this region.Per capita GDP,urbanization,opening-up and industrial structure will regulate and narrow the urban-rural income polarization in neighboring regions.And the effects of some factors are different in the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions.Therefore,the government should formulate policies according to local conditions to effectively reduce the degree of urban-rural income polarization in China.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions for reducing the polarization of urban and rural income.First,accelerate the process of new urbanization;Second,promote the development of agricultural industrialization;Third,increase the intensity of rural education investment;Fourth,we will increase financial input in rural areas.