Study On The Dilemma And Countermeasures Of Russian Import Substitute Strategy

The proposal of the Russian import substitution strategy has a profound economic and international background,and Russia has been severely sanctioned because of the irreconcilable contradiction between Russia and the European and American countries on the Ukrainian issue.Domestic manufacturing,agriculture and other areas of material supply has been under greater pressure.In terms of the purpose of the import substitution strategy,the Russian government hopes to guarantee Russia's national economic security by changing the original singl e industrial structure and increasing the self-sufficiency of products in manufacturing,agriculture and other fields.With regard to measures for the implementation of import substitution strategies,the Government has established a list of industrial sectors to implement import substitution,and plans future development goals for the relevant industrial sectors,through the establishment of a special project fund,model of loan support for investment in relevant sectors,technological innovation and support for selected key sectors.Since 2014,Russia's import substitution capacity for agricultural products,foodstuffs,consumer goods and certain financial sectors has greatly increased,and some achievements have been made,but in industries with long production cycles and high technological content.Progress on import substitution strategies has been slower.At present,in the implementation of the import substitution strategy,the main difficulties facing the Russian Federation are the slow import substitution in the field of computer and communication equipment,the constant decline in the import of large-scale machinery and equipment,and the delay in the development of high-tech research and development.The related difficulties come from the fact that domestic large-scale machinery equipment and computer products can't fully meet the needs of domestic users.At the same time,some key parts and components can't be produced.Therefore,they face high import costs and form domestic products relative to the price of imported products disadvantage.The recovery of oil prices led to an increase in the import capacity of enterprises,and the import of large-scale equipment did not decline but rose.After the collapse of the Soviet Union,the severe economic paralysis forced a large number of researchers to leave their jobs or even leave the motherland.The serious loss of scientific and technological talents inevitably affected the development of Russia's high-tech industries.As for measures to further implement the import substitution strategy,the Russian Federation can draw on the experience of the Chinese government in setting up a technology innovation fund for science and technology SMEs and advocating "government buying domestic goods",support domestic enterprises through government procurement,and guide domestic enterprises to fill the gaps in the industrial chain.We will raise import taxes on complete sets of equipment and encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in high-tech industries.