Research On The Use Of "inspirational" History To Cultivate Students' Critical Thinking

Since the 21 st century,in order to enable students to have the skill of distinguishing information,thinking independently and expressing rationally,the topic of cultivating their critical thinking has become a hot topic.In the field of humanities,critical thinking is particularly important for history.Because without critical thinking,history is not alive,and without the use of critical thinking,history teaching is not alive as well.Moreover in the new curriculum standards of history in senior middle school,there are also some content suggesting cultivating critical thinking.However,critical thinking is not "criticism" driven by curiosity,and all criticism for history must be concluded by thinking rationally.Students tend to be confused because of the distance between history and themselves,they are also easy to use present values to judge historical characters and events.This situation makes students grasp the history inaccurately,and also makes their criticism incomplete and inadequate.Therefore,"history empathy" is a dependable and important way to cultivate students' critical thinking in the middle school history teaching.Based on "history empathy",this paper analyzes the characteristics of cultivating students' critical thinking in the practice process by the analysis of some typical teaching cases.These characteristics are "problem situation is the prerequisite","the combination of evidence and discussion is the basic requirement",and "internalization and sublimation is the periodical target".On this basis,combining with the author's own practice,this paper discusses the principles of cultivating students' critical thinking with "history empathy" : the internal unity of conflict and tolerance,the common guarantee of accuracy and diversity,and the organic combination of sensibility and rationality.Therefore,in order to cultivate students' critical thinking with the help of "history empathy",the author can provide three suggestions for teachers: changing educational concepts,paying attention to the continuous improvement of historical literacy and becoming a critical teacher.Considering the circumstance that there are only few researches on the cultivation of critical thinking from a specific teaching method,and even fewer researches on the cultivation of students' critical thinking through the "history empathy",the research of this paper has some innovations.