The Institutional Changes And Reform Trends Of China's International Immigration Management

The National Immigration Administration was set up in 2018.This is a necessary step for China to modernize its national governance system and capacity,and a concrete reflection of its efforts to send a global signal of openness and inclusiveness and achieve a Community of Shared Future for Mankind.However,in recent years,topics such as special treatment for overseas students and African immigrant groups in Guangzhou have continuously aroused heated discussion on the Internet,in February 2020,the Ministry of Justice issued the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Permanent Residence of Foreigners(draft for soliciting opinions),which aroused public controversy.This series of problems shows that there is still a long way to go to establish a well-established international migration management system.From the perspective of historical institutionalism,this paper looks at the institutional changes based on Chinese institutional history,combing the institutional arrangements and institutional changes through historical analysis and structural comparison,the purpose is to understand the institutional change of international migration management in Chinese political field and grasp the trend of reform.Returning to the Chinese field from the historical dimension,we find that the institutional arrangements for international migration have gone through three stages after answering the question "what are the institutional arrangements" in different stages: the management of Aliens,the management of Foreigners and the management of international migrations,the characteristics of the system have gradually developed from restriction and control to management and service,and the function of the system has gradually covered the national security and development and the improvement of governance capability.If we want to understand the development of this institutional arrangement and think about its "why" change,we must deeply analyze the evolution mechanism of the institutional change in the structure dimension.Therefore,this paper analyzes the driving factors of institutional change in international migration management from the perspective of macro-environment,meso-institutional complex and micro-actors.As a late-developing country,"how" does the institution change in China's field ? whether there are characteristics of institutional change?Through structural comparison and historical analysis,this paper sums up the mechanism of institutional change and finds that the institutional change of international migration management in Chinese political field has certain logical characteristics,from threedimensions of the main body,the process and the power,this article summarizes the characteristics of the institutional changes and answers “why”.Theory comes from history,and history guides practice.The study finds that the change of international migration management system is an endogenous gradual change led by the government and pushed by the environment,which will continue to guide the institutional change in China's political field.However,at present,China's international migration management is faced with such challenges as insufficient institutional supply,obvious cultural differences and violent environmental changes,which hinder the systematic improvement of the system.Based on the logic of the research,this paper points out that the future system reform must obey the overall situation of national construction and take the modernization development as the trend,the modernization of international migration governance system and governance capacity can be promoted by improving the legal system supply,promoting progressive development,improving technological informatization and management planning to shape favorable environment.It should be pointed out that this paper,based on the analysis of historical institutionalism,is only a kind of interpretation about the international migration management system,even a limited interpretation.The institutional changes of international migration management are "always on the way" and need to be followed up.