| Tongue diagnosis,as an integral part of TCM inspection,plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases.Tongue image,as the basic representation unit of TCM tongue diagnosis,can not only be applied to the diagnostic basis of TCM diseases and symptoms,but also be used as a marker to reflect the dynamic changes of diseases.Although tongue image has been emphasized by physicians of past dynasties,the mechanism of tongue image is still unclear.At the same time,the regulation mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine still needs to be further studied.With the progress of modern science and technology,especially the development of molecular biology and bioinformatics,the study of objectivity,relevance and holistic regulation mechanism of TCM tongue image has been deepened.It is a new way to reveal the scientific connotation of TCM by using new methods to study the law of TCM tongue representation of specific diseases and the complex regulation mechanism of TCM compound prescriptions.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a valuable asset in the development of human medicine and a model of individualized diagnosis and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine obtains the information of patients’disease-related signs through "expecting,hearing,interrogating and researching",and then diagnoses and treats the disease based on the basic theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment.Tongue diagnosis,as an integral part of TCM inspection,plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases.Tongue image,as the basic representation unit of TCM tongue diagnosis,can not only be applied to the diagnostic basis of TCM diseases and symptoms,but also be used as a marker to reflect the dynamic changes of diseases.Although tongue image has been emphasized by physicians of past dynasties,the mechanism of tongue image is still unclear.At the same time,the regulation mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine still needs to be further studied.With the progress of modern science and technology,especially the development of molecular biology and bioinformatics,the study of objectivity,relevance and holistic regulation mechanism of TCM tongue image has been deepened.It is a new way to reveal the scientific connotation of TCM by using new methods to study the law of TCM tongue representation of specific diseases and the complex regulation mechanism of TCM compound prescriptions.Experiment 1:A comparative study of insomnia patients and healthy controls based on 16sRNAObjective The purpose of this study was to observe and compare the oral microflora biodiversity and microflora structure differences between insomniacs and healthy controls.Methods Firstly,123 clinical samples were collected and screened,including 76 insomniacs and 47 healthy controls.Subsequently,the clinical samples were sequenced and analyzed based on the second-generation sequencing of Microbiology technology.Bioinformatics technology was used to analyze the biodiversity,species composition and multivariate statistical analysis of each group of samples.Results The results showed that the OTU clustering results of two groups of samples consisted of 14 genus and 209 genera.The oral microflora of insomnia patients is more biodiversity than that of healthy people.The dominant oral microflora of insomnia patients are thick-walled,deformed and bacteroides.Conclusion Compared with healthy control group,the structure of oral microflora is significantly different.Experiment 2:Study on the correlation between oral flora and tongue image of insomnia patients based on 16sRNAObjective The purpose of this study was to observe and compare the biodiversity and flora structure of typical tongue signs in insomniacs.Methods Firstly,16 pale tongue samples and 13 purple tongue samples were determined by tongue image investigation.Biodiversity and species composition of oral flora in insomniacs by 16sRNA-based Microbiology.Results The results showed that there were significant differences in biodiversity and species composition between the two groups.The alpha biodiversity of the tongue pale group was significantly higher than that of the tongue purple group.Species composition analysis showed that the two groups had the highest abundances in Firmicutes,but the difference was not significant.The abundances of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria in Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Clostridium were significantly different.The abundances of Proteobacteria in the dark tongue group were higher than those in the light tongue group,while Bacteroidetes and Clostridium in the dark tongue group were higher than those in the white tongue group.The door Fusobacteria is much lower than the pale tongue.At the level of generic taxonomy,there was no significant difference between the two groups in Streptococcus,while there were significant differences between the two groups in Neisseria,Rothia and Preovtella.The abundance of tongue purple in Neisseria was higher than that of pale tongue,while that of Rothia and Preovtella was lower than that of pale tongue.Conclusion It is suggested that there is a certain correlation between the tongue picture of TCM and the distribution difference of oral flora.Experiment 3:Clinical Observation on Treatment of Insomnia Syndrome of Liver Depression and Blood Deficiency by Sini Powder and Suanzaoren DecoctionObjective To explore the clinical effect of Sini Powder and Suanzaoren Decoction on insomnia of liver stagnation and blood deficiency type.Methods 60 cases of insomnia with liver depression and blood deficiency were collected and randomly divided into Sinisan Suanzaoren Decoction treatment group and Estazolam treatment group,30 cases in each group.The treatment group was given Sini Powder and Suanzaoren Decoction orally,while the control group was given Estazolam orally.The curative effect of TCM syndromes,the scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Index(PSQI)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were observed.Result The clinical effective rate was 83.33%in the compound prescription group and 86.66%in the control group.The results of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Score(PSQI)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)were significantly different between the two groups before and after treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion Sini Powder and Suanzaoren Decoction have good clinical efficacy in treating insomnia of liver stagnation and blood deficiency type,and can further explore its clinical efficacy and mechanism.Experiment 4:Comparative study on the molecular mechanism of indomethacin treated with Sini Powder and Suanzaoren Decoction based on network pharmacologyObjective Based on the complex network of bioinformatics compounds,drug targets,potential diseases and signaling pathways,the molecular mechanism of Sinisan and Suanzaoren Decoction in the treatment of insomnia was studied.Methods The active compounds database of Sinisan and Suanzaoren Decoction was constructed by searching TCMSP and other database of TCM systematic pharmacological analysis platform.The prediction and analysis of compound targets were carried out by combining machine learning algorithm.Based on KEGG pathway analysis,GO enrichment analysis and TTD disease correlation analysis of treatment target database,the drugs of Sinisan and Suanzaoren Decoction were carried out by using Cytoscape software.Complex network construction and topology analysis of mechanism.Results Sini Powder obtained 145 active ingredients,saikosaponin and kaempferol have high binding activity,1306 target proteins,22 significant associated diseases,49 significant KEGG pathways,72 significant GO enrichment pathways.There are 139 active ingredients in Rentang,and the jujube saponins have higher binding activity with timosaponin,1386 target proteins,52 significant KEGG pathways,and 84 significant GO enrichment pathways.Conclusion This approach propose a new reference in the comparison of the similarity and difference of TCM prescription,and may provide new ideas for further revealing the mechanism of TCM treating insomnia in the view of "Same disease and hetero treatment". |
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