| Research objective:With the rapid development of the modern economy,people’s pace of life is accelerating,and social pressure is increasing,leading to an increase in the incidence of various cardiovascular diseases.The prevalence of hypertensive disease as a cardiovascular disease has been high and poses a serious threat to human health.Not only the heart and blood vessels are the target organs of high blood pressure damage and involvement,but also the kidneys.Long-term high blood pressure can cause renal dysfunction such as glomerular sclerosis,renal interstitial fibrosis and intrarenal arteriosclerosis.At present,it is proposed that adiponectin(APN)can protect the kidney,and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9(C1q/TNF-related protein 9,CTRP9)is a novel adipokines and APN.It has a high degree of homology and it has a protective effect on the heart and blood vessels.However,the protective effect of CTRP9 on the kidney is not very clear.Numerous studies have shown that exercise as a healthy lifestyle can significantly improve the symptoms of high blood pressure.However,the protective effects of exercise on hypertensive kidneys have rarely been reported,especially the role of CTRP9 in it and the role of CTRP9-AMPK-eNOS-NO signaling pathway in it is still unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of swimming exercise on hypertensive kidneys and the role of CTRP9-AMPK-eNOS-NO signaling pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).To provide a theoretical basis and experimental basis for effective prevention and treatment of hypertension.Research methods:In this experiment,24 male spontaneously hypertensive rats and 24 homologous control rats were purchased.The rats were adaptively fed in the first week.After one week,the homologous control rats were randomly divided into WKY.Wistar-Kyoto rat(WKY)(WKY=12),WKY swimming group(Wistar-Kyoto rat+exercise,WE)(WE=12);SHR rats were divided into SHR quiet group Rat(SHR)(SHR=12),SHR swimming group rats(Spontaneously hypertensive rat+exercise,SE)(SE=12).Raise at room temperature,drink water freely,and replace litter regularly.The exercise program was:one week of adaptive swimming training for WE group and SE group rats,the first day of adaptive swimming for 15 minutes,and then 15 minutes per day until the daily swimming training time reached 60 minutes;the third week began to WE The rats in the group and the SE group were trained in regular swimming,training for 60 minutes every day,and training for 5 days per week;thereafter,training was carried out according to the program of training for 60 minutes per day and training for 5 days per week until the end of regular swimming training for 8 weeks.Each group of rats was weighed and recorded every Friday during the training.After the training,the rats were taken within 12-24 hours,the rats were fixed,and the rats were intraperitoneally injected with 3%sodium pentobarbital for anesthesia.The hemodynamics of the rats were measured and the blood was taken from the abdominal cavity quickly.Store at 80 0 C.Take the kidneys quickly after taking the blood.Hematoxylin feosin(HE)staining was used to observe the morphological changes of renal tissue in each group.The kit was used to detect the changes of blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(Scr)in the blood to evaluate renal function.Western Blotting detects the expression level of related proteins.Research results:1.Rat body weight and kidney index measurements showed that compared with the WKY group,the body weight of the SHR group was significantly lower than that of the WKY group,and the WE group also showed a significant decrease in body weight.Compared with the SHR group,the SE group was compared with the SHR group.The weight is slightly reduced.Compared with the WKY group,the kidney index of the WE group and the SHR rats showed a significant increase.Compared with the SHR group,the kidney index of the SE group decreased slightly,and there was no significant difference.The above results showed that the body weight of hypertensive rats decreased significantly,exercise can inhibit the weight loss of SHR group rats;the kidney index of hypertensive rats increased significantly,exercise can regulate the changes of kidney index of SHR rats.2.The blood pressure measurement results showed that the systolic blood pressure of the SHR group was significantly higher than that of the WKY group.Compared with the SHR group,the systolic blood pressure of the SE group was significantly decreased.The above results indicate that swimming can significantly reduce systolic blood pressure in SHR rats.3.The results of HE staining showed that the kidney structure of rats in WKY group was neatly arranged.Compared with WKY group,the kidney structure of WE group was dense and uniform,and the kidney of SHR group showed mesangial hyperplasia.Mesangial area widened,renal interstitial fibrosis,cortical and near medullary glomerular morphogenesis abnormalities;compared with SHR group,the renal morphology of the SE group was significantly improved,renal interstitial fibrosis was reduced.Prompt exercise can improve the kidney structure of SHR rats.4.The results of renal function test showed that compared with WKY group,the serum BUN and Scr content of WE group were decreased,but there was no significant difference.The serum BUN and Scr content of SHR group showed a significant increase trend;Compared with the SE group,the serum BUN and Scr levels showed a significant decrease trend;the above results indicated that the SHR rats had renal function damage,and swimming exercise can significantly improve their renal function.5.Western Blotting results showed that compared with WKY group,CTRP9,AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and adiponectin receptor 1(Adiponectin receptor 1,AdipioR1)in renal tissue of WE group The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)was significantly increased.The expression of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioRl and eNOS in the renal tissue of SHR group showed a significant decrease;Compared with the SHR group,the expression levels of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioR1 and eNOS in the renal tissue of the SE group showed a significant increase.These results indicated that the expression of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioRl and eNOS in renal tissue of SHR rats was decreased.Swimming exercise could increase the expression of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioRl and eNOS in renal tissue of SHR rats,and up-regulate CTRP9-AMPK-eNOS-NO signal.path.Conclusion:1.SHR rats with impaired kidney structure,decreased renal function,and decreased expression of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioRl and eNOS in renal tissues.2.Swimming can improve the kidney structure of SHR rats and improve their kidney function.The mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of CTRP9,AMPK,AdipioRl and eNOS expression in the renal tissue of SHR rats and up-regulation of CTRP9-AMPK-eNOS-NO signaling pathway. |
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