| Objective:To observe the changes in mechanical properties of Knee Osteoarthritis(KOA),Knee quadriceps tendon,and the intervention effect of acupotomy on it.Methods:Twenty-eight healthy and clean 6-month-old New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group,electroacupuncture group and acupotomology group,with 7 rabbits in each group.The modified Videman method was used to immobilize the left hind leg in straight position.One week after the model was successfully constructed,the electro acupuncture group conducted electro acupuncture intervention on"liangqiu","xuehai","neixiyan”and"waixiyan"for 20min twice a week for a total of 4 weeks.In the acupotomy group,the corresponding parts of the knee joints of rabbits were taken for acupotomy intervention twice a week for a total of 4 weeks.The blank group and model group did not intervene.Animals in each group were sampled and tested 1 week after the intervention.Results:(1)behavioral observation:the modified Lequesne MG knee rating scale was used to evaluate the affected side knee joints in each group.(2)morphological observation:①pathological anatomical observation:tendon adhesion;(2)HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the quadriceps femoris tendon on the affected side of the rabbit.(3)biomechanics:stress relaxation,creep and stretch of quadriceps femoris tendon.Results:1.Behavior:before treatment,compared with the normal group,the passive range of motion of the left hind limb knee joint in the model group,the electroacupuncture group and the acupotomy group all decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the normal group,the Lequesne MG scores in the model group,electroacupuncture group and acupotomology group were significantly higher than those in the normal group(P<0.05).After treatment,compared with the model group,the passive range of motion of the knee joint in the electroacupuncture group and the acupotomy group was increased,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the Lequesne MG scores of acupotomology group and electroacupuncture group were significantly lower(P<0.05).2.Morphology:HE staining showed that the normal group had wavy and orderly arrangement of fibrous tissue,few fibroblasts,long spindle-shaped morphology,no edema and inflammatory cell infiltration,tissue lined with monolayer epithelium,neat cells,no degeneration and shedding.In the model group,the fibrous tissues were arranged in disorder,disordered and crisscrossed,and the fibroblasts were slightly thick and spindle-shaped,showing collagen deposition and hyaline degeneration.Interstitial edema was obvious,vascular hyperplasia,dilation,focal inflammatory cell infiltration;Degeneration,necrosis and exfoliation of lining epithelium;In the electroacupuncture group,the arrangement of fibrous tissue was relatively orderly,the proliferation of fibrous tissue was mild,hyaline degeneration was observed locally,fibroblasts were more common,long fusiform,interstitial edema was not obvious,no obvious vascular hyperplasia was observed,the lining epithelium was slightly irregular,the degeneration was more common,and no obvious shedding and necrosis was observed.In the acupotomology group,the fibrous tissue was in a relatively orderly arrangement,and the proliferation of fibrous tissue was not obvious,presenting mild irregularity,with no hyaline change.The lining epithelial cells were well arranged and slightly degenerated.No exfoliation and necrosis were observed.3.Biomechanics:(1)quadriceps femoris tendon stretch(ultimate load,maximum displacement,statistical)results:The ultimate load of electroacupuncture group showed a downward trend(P>0.05),while that of acupotomy group showed an upward trend(P>0.05).Compared with the model group,the ultimate load of the electroacupuncture group increased significantly(P<0.05),while that of the acupotomology group increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the electroacupuncture group,the ultimate load of the acupotomology group showed an upward trend(P>0.05).The maximum displacement results showed that:compared with the normal group,the maximum displacement of the model group was significantly reduced,with a very significant difference(P<0.01).The maximum displacement of the electroacupuncture group and the acupotomology group showed a downward trend(P>0.05).Compared with the model group,the maximum displacement of the electroacupuncture group increased(P>0.05),while that of the acupotomology group increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the electroacupuncture group,the maximum displacement of the acupotomology group showed an upward trend(P>0.05).Statistical results of stiffness showed that:all the data of each group were meaningless(P>0.05).(2)the quadriceps tendon stress relaxation rate:each group on the left side of the rabbit femoral quadriceps tendon stress relaxation rate results show that the stress relaxation rate of the model group compared with normal group with significant difference(P<0.05),the electroacupuncture group of stress relaxation rate compared with the model group had significant difference(P<0.05),the stress relaxation rate of acupotomology group compared with model group had significant difference(P<0.05),and the stress relaxation rate of electroacupuncture group and acupotomology group was no significant difference between(P>0.05).(3)creep rate of the quadriceps femoris tendon:the creep rate of the left quadriceps femoris tendon of each group showed that:after modeling,the creep rate of the model group was significantly different from that of the normal group(P<0.01).The creep rate of the acupotomology group was significantly different from that of the model group(P<0.01),while that of the electroacupuncture group was not significantly different from that of the model group(P>0.05).Compared with the electroacupuncture group,the creep rate of the acupotomology group was significantly different(P<0.01).Conclusion:After modeling,KOA rabbit behavior,quadriceps femoris tendon morphology and biomechanics were changed.After acupotomy intervention,the behavioral and morphological conditions were significantly improved,and the biomechanical properties were restored as a whole,indicating that acupotomy intervention could achieve the purpose of treating KOA by adjusting the biomechanical properties of quadriceps femoris tendon. |
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