The Relationship Between Endogenous And Exogenous MicroRNAs And Diseases

Part 1:Differentially expressed microRNAs in kidney biopsies from various subtypes of nephrotic childrenBaclground:Our previous study showed a set of increased miRNAs in serum or urine from nephrotic syndrome children.We investigated the renal expression of these miRNAs in nephrotic children and explored their role in pathogenesis and as potential indicators to differentiate subtypes of kidney diseases.Methods:We enrolled 52 children with six different subtypes of nephropathy,and 8 normal kidney tissues were used as controls.RT-qPCR was used to quantify the expression of miR-191,miR-151-3p,miR-150,miR-30a-5p and miR-19b in renal tissues.Results:miR-191 and miR-151-3p exhibited significantly higher and lower intrarenal expression in all six subtypes of kidney diseases compared to controls.miR-19b was upregulated in three subtypes,and miR-30a-5p and miR-150 were downregulated in two and four subtypes,respectively.The intrarenal expression of miR-150 was significantly different between minimal change disease(MCD)and other subtypes.The renal levels of these miRNAs correlated significantly with some renal functions and immune parameters.Bioinformatics showed that some target genes of these miRNAs were associated with immune and renal pathological changes.Conclusions:These five miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of nephropathy in children.miR-150 is a potential typing indictor to differentiate MCD from other nephropathy subtypes.Part 2:Comprehensive characterization of human cytomegalovirus microRNA profile in serum of patients with fever of unknown originBackground:The etiology of fever of unknown origin(FUO)were various and diagnosis of FUO is exhausting and delayed,being a challenge in clinical.Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)infection was a causal factor in the development of various diseases;however,the clinical relevance and significance of HCMV with FUO have rarely been investigated.In the present study,we aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the HCMV microRNA(miRNA)profile in serum of patients with FUO and further evaluate its clinical significance for the disease monitoring and preventing usefulness.Methods:Serum samples from 109 patients with FUO and 106 age-gender matched controls were enrolled in this study.The serum concentrations of 24 known HCMV miRNAs were determined by a hydrolysis probe-based stem-loop quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)assay.Serum HCMV IgG and IgM were assessed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:The RT-qPCR analysis identified a profile of 8 HCMV miRNAs including hcmv-miR-US4-3p,hcmv-miR-US29-3p,hcmv-miR-UL70-5p,hcmv-miR-US5-2-3p,hcmv-miR-US5-2-5p,hcmv-miR-UL148d,hcmv-miR-UL112-3p and hcmv-miR-US25-2-3p that were significantly elevated in the serum of FUO patients compared with controls(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the selected miRNAs were novel potential risk factors for FUO.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed the serum levels of the eight HCMV miRNA were significantly’ associated with blood C-reaction protein concentrations.In addition,anti-HCMV IgG was detected in 94.3%of patients and 92.8%of controls,respectively.Conclusion:A panel of eight serum HCMV miRNAs could be termed as potential risk factors for FUO and provided useful information for the future management of FUO.