The Effect Of Pioglitazone On Reducing The Transformation Of Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Induced By High Phosphorus And Its Mechanism

Objective:To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Pioglitazon on calcification of rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)in vitro.Method:P-glycerophosphate(10mmol/L)was used to induce calcification of VSMCs,with different concentrations(5,10,15,20μmol/L)of PIO to intervene for 12d.Calcium deposits were tested by Alizarin red staining.Extracellular calcium content was detected by Calcium Assay Kit.Western Blot was used to measure the expressions of a-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA),runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP2),β-catenin,GSK-3β,p-GSK-3β and cyclin-D1.On the basis of 10mmol/L β-glycerophosphate and 20 μmol/L PIO,20 μmol/L PPARγantagonist GW9662 was added to the cell culture media.The changes of the above indexes were observed.Results:1.The calcium content in calcification group increased significantly compared with the controls(P<0.05),and all different concentrations of PIO all reduced extracellular calcium content(P<0.05).Alizarin red staining was strong positive in calcified VSMCs,and PIO(20μmol/L)intervention group was almost negative.2.The expressions of Runx2,β-catenin,p-GSK-3β,BMP2 and cyclin-D1 increased significantly in calcification group,and 20μmol/L PIO group obviously down-regulated the expressions of all the above proteins,while up-regulated the expression of α-SMA.3.PPARγ antagonist GW9662 could partly block the effect of PIO on calcified VSMCs.Conclusions:PPARy agonist PIO can alleviate rat aortic VSMCs calcification induced by β-glycerophosphate via inhibitingthe activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Objective:To investigate whether Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis(BIVA)could be applied to evaluate hydration status in patients with acute kidney injury undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy.Methods:14 healthy volunteers,22 patients with maintenance hemodialysis and 35 cases of AKI received CRRT treatment were enrolled as the healthy control group(C),hemodialysis group(HD)and CRRT group(CRRT)respectively.BIVA tests were carried out in the healthy control group before and after drinking 500ml water,in the HD group and CRRT group before and after dialysissession.The correlation and consistency between weight changes,net fluid removal and changes of BIVA parameters were analyzed.Results:1.The variations of BIVA parameters in hemodialysis patients wmaximum inthree groups,AKI patients’ variation values were between healthy volunteers and HD patients.2.Net fluid removal and OH changes between pre-and post-hemodialysis had no statistical significance.3.The correlation between weight change and BIVA parameters(TBW,ECW,OH)change in HD group was good,and also there was good concordance between weight change and BIVA parameters(TBW,ECW,OH)change in AKI-CRRT group.However,there was no relation between weight change and ICW change in HD or CRRT group.Conclusions:The changes between weight,net fluid removal and BIVA parameters in AKI-CRRT groups were in the same direction and the correlation of them was good.BIVA could be applied in the volume management of AKI-CRRT patients.