Farmers' Livelihood Behavior And Land Use Response In Northern Shanxi

Since the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forest,the problem of soil erosion and desertification has been effectively checked,and the ecological environment has been greatly improved.Conversion of cropland to forest project not only plays an important role in promoting land use change in Yangou watershed,but also a major factor affecting farmers' livelihood changes.Based on the theory of sustainable livelihoods and the method of combining the spatial analysis,mathematical statistics and Multi-logistic regression.This paper combines the field investigation of the project of returning farmland to forest in the Yangou watershed with the ecological environment,natural resources endowment and local cultural customs in the study area.The contents include:establish the livelihood capital and the strategy index system,carry on the T test descriptive statistical analysis to the livelihood characteristics of the sample farmers,analyze the changes in the livelihood of the farmers in the Yangou watershed from the characteristics of the farmers,and study the livelihood capital and the livelihood of the farmers before and after the returning farmland by the method of correlation analysis.Based on the spatial analysis of GIS,the land use change index was used to analyze the change of land use before and after the conversion of farmland,and the Multi-logistic regression model was constructed to analyze the influence of the difference between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy before and after the compensation of the compensation to the land use choice.The results showed that:(1)farmers' livelihood capital changes before and after returning farmland:Farmers' livelihood capital changed significantly after returning farmland.There is a significant decline in natural capital,significant improvement in transportation convenience in material capital,a significant decline in capital capital and a significant increase in financial capital.There has been no significant change in the position of the village cadres in the social capital,the increase in the expenditure of human relations,the significant increase in the proportion of labor force in human capital and the health of the householders.The change of status and education was not obvious.(2)changes in the livelihood strategy of farmers before and after returning farmland:Farmers' participation in returning farmland to forest projects to obtain the subsidy for returning farmland to farmland has changed the traditional income structure of farmers,led to the increase of migrant workers' income,the income of the family arable land has been greatly reduced,the income of the operating orchard was greatly increased,and the income of working out and self-management increased substantially.(3)the correlation of the relationship between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy before and after returning farmland:by comparing the correlation analysis between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy of farmers before and after returning farmland,it can be seen that there is a significant difference in the effect of the relationship between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy of the farmers before and after returning farmland.(4)land use change before and after returning farmland:under the policy of returning farmland to forest,from 1990 to 2013,the increase of woodland and the decrease of cultivated land are the general trend,and the land use structure of Yangou basin has been adjusted.(5)changes in the driving factors of farmers' land use decision before and after the compensation for returning farmland:the influence of driving force factors affecting land use decision on land use change shows obvious difference before and after the land use change.Before returning farmland,the household characteristics and natural characteristics of household resources,such as the education level of the household,the health of the household and the per capita cultivated land,have a significant influence on the land use decision of the farmers.After returning farmland,the significant factors that affect farmers' land use decisions are changed into Farmers'financial capital and social capital.