Research On The Spatial Pattern And Influencing Factors Of Rural Residential Land

Rural settlements are the places where rural residents dwell and live together,the spatial distribution of rural settlements is influenced by many factors,such as natural,social and economic factors.Scientifically identifying the characteristics of spatial patterns of rural residential land and revealing the relationship between the distribution of residential areas and the surrounding environment and production are of great significance to the scientific planning and development of rural residential areas.The spatial pattern characteristics of rural residential land in Ningxiang City in 2013 were revealed by taking the land use change survey database in Ningxiang City of Hunan Province as the main source of information and comprehensively using the methods of landscape pattern metrics,spatial correlation model,nuclear density estimation and spatial variability function.On the basis of this,geo-detector model was used to explore the relative influence and interaction of natural basal factors and economic and social factors on the spatial pattern of rural residential land,and to find out the scope of indication of each influencing factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The scale of rural residential land in Ningxiang city is generally small.The proportion of small-scale rural residential land is large,but the gap is small,and the proportion of large-scale rural residential land is small,but the gap is large.In terms of spatial distribution,the scale of rural residential land has a significant low-value clustering feature and shows the spatial pattern of "East heat West cold".Large-scale rural residential land are mainly concentrated in Huilongpu,Coal Dam,Jinghuapu,Batang and Dachengqiao townships.The agglomeration trend of spatial distribution of rural residential land in Ningxiang City is obvious,and spatial differences in density are significant,which are manifested by dense spatial features in the southwest-northeast and sparse spatial features in the northwest-southeast direction.The northwest of the old granary,the southeast of the Liusha River,and the central area of the Zifu are dense core areas of rural residential land.The spatial distribution pattern of shape of rural residential land in Ningxiang City has good continuity and stability,and its spatial differentiation is affected by both random and structural factors,but the structural differentiation caused by spatial autocorrelation is more significant.The characteristics of ladder-like distribution are obvious.The shape of rural residential land in the north and south areas is complex and irregular while the shape in the central region is simple and regular,with an inverted-U change from west to east.(2)Elevation,slope,per capita net income of farmers and grain yield are the main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of rural residential land scale in Ningxiang City.Elevation,slope,non-agricultural population ratio and per capita cultivated area are the main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of rural residential land density in Ningxiang City.The main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of rural residential land shape in Ningxiang City are distance from the road,distance from the town,per capita cultivated area and per capita net income of farmers.The dominant areas or scopes of rural residential land distribution under different influencing factors are different;the interaction between the two influencing factors greatly enhances their influence on the distribution of rural residential land alone.