Research On Fiscal Expenditure Operational Efficiency Of The Rural Compulsory Education In China

With the development of economy,advanced science and technology has increasingly become the key factor of international competition.In the final analysis,the development of science and technology is the competition of talents.Compulsory education,as the basis of other education,is particularly critical to the cultivation of talents.As an important part of the national economic and social development,the imbalance of urban and rural development is still prominent.In recent years,the state's investment in compulsory education has increased year by year,but the problems of insufficient total investment and low efficiency of use still exist;these problems seriously restrict the development of rural compulsory education,so it is of great significance to study the efficiency of rural compulsory financial expenditure to promote the development of rural compulsory education.This paper takes the financial expenditure efficiency of rural compulsory education as the research object.Firstly,it defines the concepts of compulsory education,financial expenditure of compulsory education,performance and efficiency,and expounds the basic theories such as public product theory,market failure theory,government failure theory,equity and efficiency theory.Secondly,it analyzes the current situation of financial expenditure of rural compulsory education in China,and finds that there are three problems in the financial expenditure of rural compulsory education in China.First,the total amount of financial investment in rural compulsory education is insufficient,the financial expenditure of rural compulsory education has not formed a stable growth relationship with the financial expenditure of education,and the growth rate of the financial expenditure of rural compulsory education in many years is less than the growth rate of the financial expenditure of education,which hinders the development of rural compulsory education to a certain extent;Second,the internal structure of public funds is unreasonable,the proportion of public expenditure is relatively low,and the growth rate of public expenditure is not stable;third,the total expenditure of capital construction is insufficient,and the infrastructure construction of rural compulsory education is not guaranteed.Thirdly,based on the relevant data of financial input and output of rural compulsory education in 2008-2017,using DEA-Malmquist model,this paper empirically analyzes the efficiency of financial expenditure of rural compulsory education in China from two dimensions of time and region.The results show that: onthe one hand,the financial expenditure efficiency of rural compulsory education in China has not reached the optimal state under the joint effect of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency,and the low efficiency of pure technical efficiency is the key reason,which shows that the financial investment of rural compulsory education in China has not been fully utilized;although the comprehensive efficiency has not reached the optimal state,the financial expenditure efficiency of rural compulsory education in China has not reached the optimal state.The gap between regions is gradually narrowing,and the overall value of comprehensive efficiency is on the rise.On the other hand,the average TFP of rural compulsory education fiscal expenditure in 2008-2017 is less than 1,which is declining as a whole.The main reason for the decline is the low efficiency of technological progress.Therefore,the country should increase investment in innovation and promote technological progress.From the perspective of regional dimension,the efficiency changes in the backward areas in the central and western regions and Northeast China are significantly better than those in the eastern region,which shows that the country has achieved efficiency optimization on the basis of increasing the investment in these areas.Finally,according to the results of the empirical analysis,the paper puts forward some policy suggestions from the following five aspects: first,to establish a stable growth mechanism of rural compulsory education financial expenditure;second,to improve the efficiency of the use of public funds for compulsory education;third,to optimize the spatial distribution of rural compulsory education resources,and to arrange financial education funds according to local conditions;fourth,to attach importance to the introduction of advanced technology.The fifth is to establish the mechanism of financial funds supervision and efficiency assessment of rural compulsory education.The innovation point of this paper is to distinguish rural primary school and rural junior high school,using DEA Malmquist model to analyze the financial input and output data of rural compulsory education in 31 provinces based on the 10 years of2008-2017,a total of 4340 observations,from two dimensions of time and region.