Research On The Fairness Of The Allocation Of Teachers In Urban And Rural Compulsory Education

The fairness of the allocation of compulsory education teachers is an important proposition of education fairness.The research on teacher allocation has been included in the overall study of the balance of educational resources allocation.It is not systematic and profound.This study studies the fairness of the allocation of compulsory education teachers in the dimension of urban and rural areas.This study mainly uses the literature research method and the investigation research method to conduct a fair analysis of the teacher allocation in the cities,counties,towns and villages in the 12 provinces of the eastern,central and western regions.Based on the coding of relevant national policy texts and the frequency analysis of existing core documents,this study constructs five first-level indicators and 13 secondary indicators for the equitable allocation of compulsory education teachers based on the principles of simplicity,comparability,measurability and extensibility.Taking the indicator as the entry point,the differences in the allocation of urban and rural compulsory education teachers at the national,eastern,central,western,elementary,and junior high schools were obtained by means of mean,standard deviation,coefficient of variation,and analysis of variance.Then,relying on the principle of balance,the principle of difference and the principle of effectiveness,it reveals the problem of the fairness of the allocation of teachers in urban and rural compulsory education.The study found that in terms of the number of teachers,the ratio of the number of teachers to the number of classes in urban and rural areas is generally unfair,and the village schools are in a weak position;the ratio of the number of teachers to the number of students in urban and rural areas generally show a fair situation;the workload of urban and rural teachers at the national,central and primary levels is unfair,and the workload of village teachers is the largest.In terms of the quality of teachers,the ratio of teacher's professional match in urban and rural areas is generally unfair,and the village schools are in a weak position;the ratio of matching utilization of teacher's profession in urban and rural areas is generally unfair.In terms of teacher structure,the ages of urban and rural teachers are unfair at the national,western and junior high schools,and the age of township teachers is small;The educational background structure of urban and rural teachers is generally unfair,and the county schools are in a weak position;The professional title structure of urban and rural teachers is generally unfair;In primary schools,the number of sports and art teachers in urban and rural areas is unfair,and the number of teachers in villages is small;In middle schools,the number of physics teachers in urban and rural areas is unfair,and the number of township teachers is small.In terms of teacher treatment,the average monthly salary of urban and rural teachers is generally unfair,and the county teachers are in a weak position;The proportion of teacher's welfare allowance to the monthly salary of urban and rural schools at the eastern,central and primary levels is unfair.In terms of teacher training,the teacher training fees between urban and rural areas generally show a fair situation;the number of teacher trainings of urban and rural schools at the national,eastern and middle levels is unfair,and township teachers are in a weak position.Through the principle of balance,the principle of difference and the principle of effectiveness,this study analyzes the reason why the allocation of teachers in urban and rural compulsory education is unfair from the aspects of rural teacher supply policy,teacher stability,teacher treatment and teacher training.Then,it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the fairness of the allocation of teachers in urban and rural compulsory education.