The Academic History Of Studies In Xueji During Late Qing And Republican China,1895–1949

Xueji(lit.Record on the Subject of Education,a chapter in the Confucian canon Liji,Book of Rites)is a theoretical summary of Confucian education and teaching experience in the Pre-Qin period.Because the educational principles mentioned in Xueji are quite similar to modern pedagogy,it is also called "the earliest pedagogy in China" or "the rudiment of pedagogy".In the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the study of Xueji was divided into three stages.The first stage was the study of Xueji during the transition from Confucian classics to pedagogy.The second stage is the study of Xueji in the period of traditional pedagogy.In this period,the traditional pedagogy represented by Herbart was introduced into China through Japan.On the basis of absorbing and learning from western pedagogy,in order to achieve the communication between the two,the study of Xueji in this period presents the characteristics of borrowing and quoting.The third stage is the study of Xueji in the period of modern pedagogy.During this period,modern pedagogy represented by Dewey was introduced into China,and attention was paid to problems such as pedagogy law.It also pushed the study of Xueji to gradually return to the text and pay attention to its educational value,forming the research characteristics of "returning to the source and opening up new things".During the transition period from Confucian classics to pedagogy,under the influence of the thought of "education to save the nation",it became the most urgent task to set up education and save the nation from danger,In the process of learning western education,Xueji,as a "transit station" to digest western educational theories,has attracted researchers' attention.Xueji in this period was mainly composed of traditional jing historians,but also influenced by new educational thoughts,In the elaboration,we not only pay attention to the annotation of Xueji scripture,but also expound our own educational theory.The study of Xueji in this period shows the characteristics of combining exegesis with exegesis,such as Liu Guangfen's Xuejiyijie.During the period of traditional pedagogy,it was deeply influenced by thetraditional pedagogy represented by Herbart.In the process of annotating Xueji,scholars combined its contents with western educational theories,especially traditional ones.Under the influence of the thought of "the origin of western learning",the study of Xueji in this period,on the one hand,drew lessons from the discussion of western pedagogy,on the other hand,combined it with the content of ancient education.It presents the research characteristics of "reference and lead",such as WangShunan's Xuejijianzheng and YaoMinghui's Xuejijiyixunsu.During the period of modern pedagogy,the theory of modern pedagogy represented by Dewey had a profound influence on the ideological,theoretical and practical circles of Chinese education.In this period,the study of Xueji gradually returned to the textual content of Xueji for re-thinking and discussion,and began to study it from the perspective of educational value,showing the characteristics of "reversion and opening up",such as Du Mingtong's Xuejikaoshi.At this time,the research achievements of Xueji were constantly enriched,and a number of works were published to discuss the educational system,educational purpose,teaching principles and methods of Xueji.In addition,pedagogical books of this period also mentioned Xueji,forming a relatively good research situation.The study of Xueji in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China was carried out against the background of the introduction of western education and pedagogical theories.In the process of learning and borrowing from western pedagogy,Xueji,a classic of Chinese traditional education,has also received much attention.The research turn is closely related to the development of pedagogy in China.By reviewing and summarizing the studies on Xueji in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,we can not only show the research situation of Xueji in this period,but also discuss the relationship between the introduction and development of pedagogy and the study of educational classics.