| Objective: To evaluate the effects of low carbohydrate breakfast diet intervention on glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,body mass index,self-efficacy and diabetes distress of type 2 diabetic patients in new urban towns.Methods: From August 2018 to March 2019,90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lishui District were selected by convenience sampling method,including 45 patients in the LCD breakfast group(experimental group)and 45 patients in the guideline recommended diet breakfast group(control group).On the basis of receiving diabetes medicine,exercise,monitoring and selfmanagement education,the two groups received LCD breakfast education and recommended dietary breakfast education respectively,and obtained personalized diet recipes.Both groups were given a standard bowl and a quantitative picture of the food before the intervention.The FBG,2h PG,Hb A1 c,blood lipid,body weight and serum creatinine were measured before intervention,3 months after intervention and 6 months after intervention.Self-efficacy scale,diabetes distress scale and breakfast review form for the past three days were filled in.The number of days of dietary self-management per week in accordance with their interventions was counted in the first week,the second week,the 3 month and the 6 month after intervention.To evaluate the effect of LCD breakfast on blood glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,self-efficacy,diabetes distress,dietary compliance,and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes in the new urban towns.Results: 1.A total of 90 cases were included in this study.85 cases of effective cases were completed,including 42 cases in the experimental group and 43 cases in the control group.2.The comparison of the two groups before and after the intervention showed that: three months after intervention,the control group had better 2h PG,Hb A1 c,self-efficacy score,the scores of diabetes distress and its four dimensions and dietary compliance than before the intervention(p < 0.05);the experimental group had better HDL-C,LDL-C,TG and BMI than before the intervention(p < 0.05).Six months after intervention,compared with before intervention,2hPG,Hb A1 c,the scores of self-efficacy,dietary compliance,the scores of diabetes distress and its four dimensions in the control group were better than those before intervention,with statistical significance(p < 0.05);in addition to the above indicators in the control group,FBG,HDL-C,LDL-C and BMI in the experimental group were also better than those before intervention,with statistical significance(p < 0.05);while for the other indicators,there was no statistical significance(p > 0.05).The Hb A1 c and the scores of emotional distress in the control group decreased at 6 months after intervention compared with 3 months after intervention(p < 0.05).In addition to the above indicators in the control group,the 2h PG,Hb A1 c compliance rate,HDL-C,the scores of self-efficacy,scores of diabetes distress,routine distress and interpersonal distress in the experimental group were better than those in the intervention group for 3 months,with statistical differences.(p < 0.05).3.The comparison between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups(p > 0.05).Three months after intervention,the experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of 2h PG,the scores of diabetes distress and the scores of emotional distress,with significant difference(p < 0.05),and there was no significant difference in other indicators(p > 0.05).Six months after the intervention,the experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of Hb A1 c level,Hb A1 c compliance rate,HDL-C,self-efficacy,the scores of routine distress and interpersonal distress and the severity of diabetes distress,the difference was statistically significant(p < 0.05),and there was no significant difference in other indicators(p > 0.05).Conclusions: 1.The application of LCD breakfast mode can improve the indicators of glucose metabolism better than the recommended breakfast mode.2.LCD breakfast mode does not increase LDL-C levels,but also improves HDL-C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in new urban towns.3.LCD breakfast mode has no significant effect on reducing BMI of type 2 diabetic patients in new urban towns.4.LCD breakfast mode can improve self-efficacy of type 2 diabetic patients in new towns and reduce their diabetes distress.5.LCD breakfast mode enhances patients’ compliance with dietary management,and its long-term effects remain to be seen.6.LCD breakfast mode does not increase the burden on the kidney,and has less hypoglycemia,so it is safe. |
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