| Objective: The expression of pd-1(pd-1),pd-l1(pd-l1)and Foxp3(Transcription factor forkhead box P3,Foxp3)in marginal zone tissues of human hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE)was detected by immunohistochemistry.To reveal the immune escape mechanism of liver bubble hydatid disease,and to provide theoretical basis for the occurrence,development and immune escape mechanism of liver bubble hydatid disease from the molecular level.1.Analyze whether there are differences between the expressions of pd-1 and pd-l1 in HAE and normal liver tissues,and whether there is a correlation between the expressions of pd-1 and pd-l1 in liver echinococcosis.2.To analyze the differences in the expression of Foxp3+Treg cells in liver echinococcosis and normal liver tissues.3.Qualitative study on whether there is a correlation between the expression of pd-1 / pd-l1 and Foxp3+Treg cells in patients with hepatic hydatMethods: pathological specimens were collected from patients undergoing hepatic vesicular hydatid surgery and hepatic hemangioma surgery in affiliated hospital of qinghai university from January 1,2018 to January 1,2020,and were divided into: group A: peripheral zone tissues of hepatic vesicular hydatid;Group B: normal liver tissue adjacent to hepatic hemangioma.The collected pathological specimens were collected and prepared into paraffin embedded sections with a thickness of 4um.All the sections were stained with immunohistochemical pd-1,pd-l1 and Foxp3,the expression index of each case was recorded and scored,and the data were statistically processed by SPSS19.0 statistical software.Results:1.The positive expression rates of pd-1 protein in the HAE group and control group were 43.1%(28/63)and 15.0%(3/20),respectively.The positive expression rates in the HAE group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.The positive expression rates of pd-l1 protein in the HAE group and control group were 50.8%(32/63)and 20.0%(4/20),respectively.The positive expression rates in the HAE group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The positive expression rates of Foxp3 in the HAE group and control group were 34.9%(22/63)and 10.0%(2/20),respectively.The positive expression rates in the HAE group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).4.Among the 63 HAE marginal band tissues,27 cases had positive expression of pd-1 and pd-l1 proteins,30 cases had negative expression of pd-l1 proteins,1 case had positive expression of pd-1 proteins,and 5 cases had positive expression of pd-l1 proteins.According to statistical test,the expression of pd-1 and pd-l1 in the HAE group was highly correlated,which was statistically significant(G=0.861,P < 0.001).5.Among the 63 HAE marginal band tissues,18 cases had positive expression of Foxp3 and pd-1 proteins,31 cases had negative expression of both Foxp3 and pd-1 proteins,4 cases had positive expression of Foxp3 proteins,and 10 cases had positive expression of pd-1 proteins.According to statistical test,Foxp3 expression was highly correlated with pd-1 expression in the HAE group,which was statistically significant(G=0.609,P< 0.001).There were 20 cases with positive expression of Foxp3 and pd-l1 protein,29 cases with negative expression of Foxp3,2 cases with positive expression of Foxp3 protein,and 12 cases with positive expression of pd-l1 protein.According to statistical test,the expression of Foxp3 and pd-l1 in the HAE group was highly correlated,which was statistically significant(G=0.708,P < 0.001).6.In 63 HAE patients,pd-1 expression was not correlated with gender,age,lesion diameter,or BMI.The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).There was no correlation between the expression of pd-l1 and gender,age,lesion diameter and BMI.The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).Foxp3 expression was not correlated with gender,age or BMI.The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).The expression rate of Foxp3 in the lesion diameter ≥12cm was 58.1%(18/31),significantly higher than that in the lesion diameter < 12cm(12.5%(4/32),the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusion:1.The expression of pd-1 and pd-l1 in hepatic vesicular echinococcosis was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissues,and the expression of pd-1 and pd-l1 in hepatic vesicular echinococcosis was correlated.This suggests that the pd-1 / pd-l1 pathway is activated in patients with hepatic vesicular echinococcosis and plays a synergistic role in causing T cell failure and immune escape.2.the expression of Foxp3+Treg cells in patients with hepatic vesicular echinococcosis and normal liver tissues is different,and the positive rate of Foxp3+Treg cells in patients with vesicular echinococcosis with larger lesions is higher.It may indicate that Foxp3+Treg cells mediate the immune escape of echinococcus multilocularis in the development of hepatic vesicular echinococcosis and play a role in the middle and late stages of infection.3.Foxp3+Treg cells are highly correlated with the expression of pd-1 and pd-l1 in patients with hepatic vesicular echinococcosis,suggesting that Foxp3+Treg cells may play an immunosuppressive role through the pd-1 / pd-l1 pathway.Blocking this pathway may provide new ideas for the immunotherapy of patients with middle and advanced echinococcosis in the future. |
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