Effects Of Regular Exercise On Cardiovascular Risk Related Indexes In Postmenopausal Women

Objective: To observe the effect of regular exercise on cardiovascular risk related indexes in postmenopausal women,so as to provide some reference for the primary prevention of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.Methods: This study is divided into two parts,Part I: 62 postmenopausal women were selected from Yangpu District of Shanghai.They were divided into three groups: no regular exercise group(n=24,C),fitness walking group(n=14,E1)and aerobics group(n=24,E2).The differences of cardiovascular related indexes between the three groups were compared by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H test.After risk stratification,chi square test was used to analyze the distribution differences among the three groups.Part II: 16 postmenopausal women in Yangpu District of Shanghai were selected as the research objects to carry out outdoor exercise intervention.One hour at a time,seven times a week,for 12 months.The paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the effects of exercise on cardiovascular related indexes.After risk stratification of each index,the distribution changes of each index before and after exercise intervention were analyzed by paired chi square test(Mc Nemar accurate test).Results: Part I: The level of HDL-C in E2 group was significantly higher than that in C group(P < 0.05),with an average increase of 0.210 mmol/L(95% CI:0.020-0.399 mmol/L);The level of LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C in E2 group was significantly lower than that in C group(P < 0.05).In TG risk stratification,the distribution of E2 group was significantly better than that of C group(P < 0.05).Compared with group C,E2 group was less likely to have higher risk of ASCVD in 10 years,with a ratio of 0.263(95%CI:0.074-0.936).Part II: After intervention,the ABI of the left and right sides of the subjects decreased significantly by 0.164(95% CI:-0.218-(-0.110))and 0.106(95% CI:-0.159-(-0.053))respectively;After intervention,the systolic and diastolic pressures of the right upper extremity,the systolic pressure,mean pressure and diastolic pressure of left and right ankles,all of them decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Among them,the systolic blood pressure of the right upper extremity decreased by 5.688 mm Hg(95% CI:-10.775-(-0.599)mm Hg)on average;After intervention,LDL-C level decreased significantly(P < 0.05),with an average decrease of 0.393 mmol/L(95% CI :-0.592-(-0.194)mmol/L);After intervention,LDL-C / HDL-C levels were significantly reduced(P < 0.05).In the abnormal stratification of ABI and right upper extremity blood pressure,it was significantly improved after intervention(P < 0.05).Suggestions:(1)For postmenopausal women,the HDL-C level,TG risk stratification and the ratio of blood lipids(TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C and log10[TG/HDL-C])of regular aerobics group were better than those of no regular exercise group.(2)12 months of outdoor exercise effectively improved the ABI level,LDL-C level,blood pressure level and LDL-C / HDL-C ratio of postmenopausal women.Therefore,this study suggests that postmenopausal women should actively participate in regular exercise to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.