Investigation On Blood Lead Level And Health Status Of Lead Workers In Hangzhou

Objective:To understand the blood lead levels of lead exposed workers in Hangzhou,and to explore the influences of lead exposure and different blood lead levels on the health status of workers,especially low concentration of lead,as well as the influencing factors of blood lead level,so as to provide basic data on lead operation hazards and occupational health monitoring of lead exposed workers.Methods:The data of lead exposed workers who underwent occupational health examination in Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment Occupational Diseases in 2017 were collected,including occupational history and related demographic characteristics,physical examination,laboratory tests and blood lead test results.According to lead exposure and different levels of lead,the changes of the examination indexes were compared and analyzed.Use SPSS 20.0 to build a database and perform statistics and analysis of the data.Results:1.A total of 1157 people in the contact group had a median blood lead of 173.20(92.35-246.75)μg/L;a total of 421 people in the control group had a median blood lead of 26.30(15.65-36.55)μg/L,Mann-Whitney U test showed that the blood lead value in the contact group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).Among all 1578 workers,the maximum value of blood lead was 392.8 μg/L,which was all lower than the national occupational exposure limit of 400 μg/L,and all of them were exposed to low-concentration lead.2.Among the 1157 lead exposed workers,302(26.1%)had an ideal level of blood lead,and 855(73.9%)had a high level of blood lead.3.In the general population,low concentrations of lead exposure will lead to the increase of WBC,RDW-CV,HCT,and the decrease of MCH,MCHC and PLT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,GGT,and the decrease of TP,ALB,A/G,TBIL in liver function indicators and blood pressure will be increased.As far as male,it will lead to the increase of RDW-CV,and the decrease of MCH,MCHC,Hb,and PLT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,GGT,and the decrease of TP,ALB,A/G,and TBIL in liver function indicators,blood pressure will be increased.As far as famale,it will lead to the increase of HCT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,and the decrease of ALB and TBIL in liver function indicators blood pressure will be increased.All the differences above were statistically significant(all P<0.05,P<0.01).Moreover,the unconditional logistic regression results of the health effects of low lead exposure howed:WBC abnormality(OR=1.839),HCT abnormality(OR=1.348),TP abnormality(OR=2.749),ALB abnormality(OR=5.386),abnormal blood pressure(OR=2.208)has statistical correlation.4.In the general population,the increase of blood lead level will lead to the increase of WBC,RBC,MCV,HCT,and the decrease of MCHC and PLT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,GGT,and the decrease of TP,ALB,GLO,and TBIL in liver function indicators;heart rate and blood pressure will be increased.As far as male,it will lead to the increase of WBC,RDW-CV,and the decrease of,MCH,MCHC,Hb and PLT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,GGT,and the decrease of TP,ALB and TBIL in liver function indicators,blood pressure will be increased.As far as famale,it will lead to the increase of WBC,RBC,HCT,and the decrease of PLT in blood routine indicators;the increase of ALT,and the decrease of ALB,TBIL in liver function indicators;heart rate and blood pressure will be increased.All the differences above were statistically significant(all P<0.05,P<0.01).Moreover,the unconditional logistic regression of the health effects of different lead levels showed:WBC abnormality(OR=1.553),HCT abnormality(OR=1.822),TP abnormality(OR=5.253),ALB abnormality(OR=2.471),ALT abnormality(OR=1.633),GGT abnormality(OR=1.731),abnormal blood pressure(OR=2.019)have statistical correlation.5.The unconditional logistic regression of the influencing factors of blood lead level in lead exposed workers showed:male(OR=3.539),mechanical processing(OR=15.496),traditional power supply(OR=241.230),5～10 years in lead service life(OR=2.928),age of 30～(OR=2.077),age of 40～(OR=5.412),age of 50～(OR=6.231)were statistically correlated with blood lead level.Conclusion:1.The blood lead level of the lead exposed workers in this study was generally low,The maximum blood lead was 392.8μg/L,which was all lower than the national occupational exposure limit of 400μg/L,and all belonged to low-concentration lead exposure.2.Taking the blood lead level<100μg/L as the ideal value of blood lead,there were 855(73.9%)people with high values under the blood lead limit of lead exposed workers.3.Low-concentration of lead exposure can cause significant changes in blood routine,liver function indicators and blood pressure values that were not conducive to health.It was a risk factor for abnormal of WBC,HCT in blood routine,TP,ALB in liver function,blood pressure and other related indicators,and the abnormal rate increased.4.The continuous increase in exposure levels of low-concentration lead has also gradually developed various indicators of blood routine,liver function,heart rate and blood pressure in a direction that is not conducive to health.It was also a risk factor for abnormal of WBC,HCT in blood routine,TP,ALB,ALT,GGT in liver function,blood pressure and other related indicators,and the abnormal rate increaseed accordingly.5.Male,mechanical processing and traditional power supply in the enterprise type,5 to 10 years in the lead service age,and those over 30 years old are all risk factors of high value under the blood lead limit.