| Part 1 MRI study on the volume development of cervical,thoracic and lumbar spine of the fetus in the second and third trimester pregnancyObjective To assess the change rules of fetal cervical,thoracic and lumbar spinal volume and with gestational ages for providing image data support for the evaluation of fetal spinal development.Materials and Methods The 3.0 T MRI was performed on 55 fetal specimens ranging from 17 to 42 gestational weeks with sequence of three dimensional T2WI.Among 55 samples,20 samples were obtained from spontaneous abortion of pregnant women and 35 samples were obtained from induced labor of mothers due to serious diseases.The fetal specimen was derived from sectional imaging anatomy research institute of the medical school of Shandong university.No spinal abnormalities were found on X-ray、CT scans.The cervical,thoracic and lumbar spinal volume was obtained by delineating the vertebral body contour on the reconstructed cross-sectional image with the OsiriX software(www.osirix-viewer.com).And the volume of the cervical,thoracic and lumbar spine was divided by the number of the vertebral bodies to obtain the centrum unit volume.Regression analysis was made between the volume of cervical,thoracic and lumbar spine and gestational weeks to analyze the growth rule of spine.Results(1)The cervical,thoracic and lumbar spine volume.increased linearly with gestational ages,and the linear regression equation was as follows:cervical spine volume(mm3)=-1 260.937+81.235×gestational week(R2=0.974,P<0.05),thoracic spine volume(mm3)=-5 933.521+347.503×gestational week(R2=0.972,P<0.05),lumbar spine volume(mm3)=-5130.912+294.473 × gestational week(R2=0.976,P<0.05).(2)The order from large to small of fetal spinal growth rate was thoracic,lumbar and cervical segment.Within the same gestational age,the order from large to small of spinal volume was thoracic,lumbar and cervical segment.The order from large to small of centrum unit volume growth rate and multiple was lumbar,thoracic and cervical vertebrae.(3)No gender differences were found in the volumetric development of the cervical,thoracic,and lumbar spine.Lumbar spine is potentially a better marker of fetal spinal development than cervical and thoracic spines.Conclusion It is of great significance to observe the morphological changes of spinal column and explore its development rules for establishing the standard values of image anatomy of intrauterine fetal spinal development,prenatal evaluation of fetus,examination of deformity and guidance of treatment.Part 2 MRI study on the development of lumbar vertebrae of the fetus in the second and third trimester pregnancyObjective To explore the change rule of lumbar vertebrae of fetal specimens with the growth of gestational age,measure and count the morphological parameters,and calculate the reference range of each parameter of different gestational age.Materials and Methods The 3.0 T MRI was performed on 55 fetal specimens ranging from 17 to 42 gestational weeks with sequence of three dimensional T2WI.Among 55 samples,20 samples were obtained from spontaneous abortion of pregnant women and 35 samples were obtained from induced labor of mothers due to serious diseases.The fetal specimen was derived from sectional imaging anatomy research institute of the medical school of Shandong university.No spinal abnormalities were found on CT scans.The Five lumbar vertebral body volume was obtained by delineating the vertebral body contour on the reconstructed cross-sectional image with the OsiriX software(www.osirix-viewer.com).Five lumbar vertebral bodies were measured one by one.Regression analysis was made between the volume of lumbar vertebral bodies and gestational weeks to analyze the growth rule of spine.Results(1)Five lumbar vertebral bodies increased linearly with gestational ages,and the linear regression equation was as follows:lumbar 1 vertebral volume(mm3)=-895.051+51.477 × gestational week(R2=0.962,P<0.05);lumbar 2 vertebral volume(mm3)=-1011.249+58.602×gestational week(R2=0.949,P<0.05);lumbar 3 vertebral volume(mm3)=-1008.121+58.037×gestational week(R2=0.947,P<0.05);lumbar 4 vertebral volume(mm3)=-945.618+54.303×gestational week(R2=0.940,P<0.05);lumbar 5 vertebral volume(mm3)=-812.613+46.879×gestational week(R2=0.938,P<0.05).(2)Among the five lumbar vertebral bodies,the lumbar 1 vertebral volume may be the best marker of fetal lumbar development.Conclusion The volume of lumbar vertebral body show a good correlation with the gestational weeks in the second and third trimester.It further improves the reliability of lumbar spine as the evaluation standard for the development of fetal spine in the second and third trimester... |
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