Analysis On The Ability Status And Influencing Factors Of The Elderly In Northern Henan

BackgroundThe aging problem has become a major social problem,and how to provide for the aged has become a great challenge for the government and the whole society.In order to make full use of the limited pension service resources and meet the needs of the elderly with different ability levels for pension care services,it is necessary to adopt unified and standardized assessment standards for the ability of the elderly,scientifically divide the ability levels of the elderly,formulate pension policies for the government,and provide appropriate pension services for the elderly.However,since the Ministry of civil affairs of the people’s Republic of China issued the assessment of the ability of the elderly(MZ / t039-2013),there has been no study on the ability level of the elderly.What is the status quo of the ability level of the elderly,and what are the influencing factors? These problems need to be studied ObjectiveIn order to provide theoretical basis for the elderly management departments to formulate relevant policies and effective intervention measures against the influencing factors,this paper discusses the status quo and influencing factors of the elderly’s ability level in Northern Henan Province.MethodsFour areas were selected by random sampling method in six areas of Northern Henan Province.463 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria in one community and one elderly care institution were selected from four areas.The investigation was carried out by using the evaluation table of four first-class indicators,including daily life activity ability,emotional and cognitive ability,perception and communication ability,and social participation ability,in the health ability evaluation standard for the elderly in Henan Province(db41 / T 1299-2016).After a small sample survey,Cronbach’s α coefficients of the assessment table of activities of daily life,emotion and cognition,perception and communication,and social participation are 0.817,0.831,0.825,and 0.823,respectively.The ability levels of the first level indicators are determined according to the judgment criteria in the health ability assessment standard for the elderly in Henan Province.The ability level of the elderly is determined according to the ability evaluation result judgment card of the elderly in the health ability evaluation standard for the elderly in Henan Province.The ability level of the elderly is determined according to the four first level indicators of daily life activities,emotion and cognition,perception and communication,and social participation.Results1.156(33.69%)of the elderly with good ability,307(66.31)of them with mild disability,117(25.27%)with moderate disability and 37(7.99%)with severe disability.2.Ability level of the first level indicators of the elderly(1)Ability of daily living: 155(33.48%)of the elderly were in good condition,308(66.52%)were in lack of ability,161(34.77%)were in mild condition,119(25.71%)were in moderate condition and 28(6.04%)were in severe condition.(2)Emotional and cognitive assessment: 52(11.23%)of the elderly with good ability,411(88.77%)with weak ability,140(30.24%),233(50.32%)with moderate ability,38(8.21%)with severe ability.(3)Perception and communication evaluation: 55(11.88%)of the elderly were in good condition,408(88.12%)were in lack of ability,129(27.86%)were in mild condition,221(47.73%)were in moderate condition and 58(12.53%)were in severe condition.(4)Social participation evaluation: 81(17.49%)of the elderly were in good condition,382(82.51%)were in lack of ability,165(35.64%)were in light condition,188(40.61%)were in moderate condition and 29(6.26%)were in severe condition.3.The analysis of the influencing factors of the ability of the elderly showed that age,marital status,education level,living conditions,and whether there was chronic disease were the main factors affecting the ability of the elderly(P < 0.05).Conclusions66% of the old people in the north of Henan Province are in the state of disability and semi disability,and 1 / 3 of them are in the state of mild disability.The main influencing factors of the ability of the elderly are old age,divorce or widowhood,low education level,living alone,combined with chronic diseases.