Survey On Mental Health Literacy Of Urban And Rural Residents In Chengdu

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the mental health literacy of the residents in Chengdu,in order to achieve the following research purposes:1.To know the awareness rate of mental health knowledge of the residents in urban and rural areas in Chengdu;to explore the relevant factors affecting the awareness of mental health knowledge of the residents.2.To understand the attitude of urban and rural residents towards mental illness.3.To investigate the recognition of five common mental disorders cases in urban and rural residents,as well as the attribution,help seeking ways and attitudes of residents to the description of cases.According to the results of the investigation,this paper will provide theoretical basis for improving the awareness rate of mental health knowledge and strengthening the propaganda and education of mental health literacy of the residents in Chengdu.Methods:A multi-stage stratified cluster system sampling method was adopted to select the time period from July 1 to September 30,2019 for cross-sectional investigation.All residents in Chengdu were selected as the research objects,and representative samples were randomly selected for investigation.The investigation contents include the questionnaire of demographic data,the questionnaire of mental health and mental health care knowledge,the questionnaire of mental illness related attitude and the questionnaire of five common mental disorders cases,which are compiled according to the plan of mental health work index investigation and evaluation issued by the general office of the Ministry of Health([2010]No.24).SPSS17.0was used for statistical description and analysis.Descriptive statistical method,t-test and?~2 test were used for factor analysis,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Result:1.Basic demographic information1790 questionnaires were issued and 1674 effective questionnaires were recovered,with a response rate of 93.52%.Among them,811 were in cities(48.44%)and 863 in rural areas(51.55%).The average age was(44.10±15.30).There were 609 males(36.38%)and 1065 females(63.62%).The average educational level is(10.70±3.70)years.2.Awareness rate and influencing factors of mental health knowledge of urban and rural residentsThe average score of Chengdu residents'mental health knowledge questionnaire was(13.83±3.28),with a total score of 20,and the overall response accuracy rate was 69.15%.In 2019,the awareness rate of residents was 75.15%,that of urban residents was 77.43%,and that of rural residents was73.00%.?~2 test was used to test the awareness rate between urban and rural residents,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the residents'mental health awareness score was positively correlated with the education level of senior high school and university undergraduate(?=1.391,2.321,P<0.001),and negatively correlated with the age above 55 years old in urban and rural areas(?=-0.848,-0.462,P<0.05).3.Attitude of urban and rural residents towards mental illnessThe average score of Chengdu residents'attitude towards mental illness is(35.28±5.81),the reference score is 12-60,the average score of urban residents is(35.65±5.43),and the average score of rural residents is(34.94±6.14).The difference between the two is statistically significant(t=2.513,P<0.05).The average score of urban residents'attitude scale was(2.97±0.45)and that of rural residents'attitude scale was(2.91±0.51).The difference between them was statistically significant(t=2.513,P<0.05).4.Residents'recognition,attribution,help seeking and attitude towards five common mental disordersThe average response rate of Chengdu residents to five case questionnaires was 91.12%.The average number of residents who can identify the mental or psychological problems of the objects described in the five cases is 68.66%,but the correct recognition rate of residents for the five common mental diseases is only 35.38%.50.48%of the respondents can recognize obsessive-compulsive disorder,followed by positive symptoms of schizophrenia(39.25%),negative symptoms of schizophrenia with the lowest correct recognition rate(10.81%).The recognition of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents.Residents think that the most common cause of mental disorders is mental problems,with an average of 43.74%in five cases.39.64%of the respondents suggested that the most important way to ask for help was to see a psychiatrist.71.64%of the respondents thought that they could not have the situation in the case in the future.45.76%of the respondents believed that the possibility of injury to others would increase.The attitude of the residents to the neighbor suffering from mental disorders,the attitude of the respondents to the schizophrenic patients with positive symptoms(53.11%)was the most worried.The attitude of the residents towards the work ability of the patients with mental disorders,the respondents were the most optimistic about the work ability of the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(12.25%)and the most negative about the work ability of the patients with mania(8.36%).The attitude of the residents towards the right and wrong judgment ability of the characters in the case,the respondents think that the strongest one is obsessive-compulsive disorder(42.47%),and the worst one is mania(13.14%).The residents can recognize the common mental disorders as psychological or mental problems,but the ability of recognition,attribution and help seeking needs to be improved.Conclusion:1.The residents in Chengdu has achieved the goal of 70%and 50%of the awareness rate of mental health knowledge in urban and rural areas respectively.The factors influencing the mental health awareness of the residents are urban and rural areas,age and educational level.2.The attitude of the residents to mental illness in Chengdu is more negative,among which the rural population is more negative than the urban population.3.The correct recognition rate of five mental illness cases among the residents in Chengdu is relatively low,and the recognition of mental illness among the rural population needs to be strengthened more than that of the urban population.4.The residents in Chengdu has a better understanding of mental health knowledge,but has not changed their attitude towards mental illness.It can be recognized that common mental disorders are psychological or mental problems,but the ability of recognition,attribution and help seeking needs to be improved.