| Moringa oleifera Lam.Moringaspp,an evergreen or semi-deciduous plant of moringaspp family,has been declared as a new resource food by China’s health authorities in 2012.Moringaspp has higher nutritional value,can be used in whole plant,and has higher ecological,economic and social benefits.Moringa,as a traditional folk medicine,is used to treat a variety of diseases in southeast Asian countries.Its great nutritional value and medicinal function greatly promote the development of relevant food.However,while moringaspp is widely developed and utilized,the development of moringaspp industry is restricted by unclear medicinal ingredients,insufficient research on processing in the origin and imperfect quality standard system.Moringaspp introduced from yunnan was used in this experiment to study its quality standard,producing area processing and defecating effect.Through optimizing the key technologies such as harvesting,processing in the producing area and storage,the level of timely harvesting and processing of moringa SPP.The research on the effect of moistening intestine and relieving bowels has important significance in guiding rational drug use in clinic,promoting the development of moringa moringa pharmacology research and the development of new drugs.The main results of this study are as follows:1.Determination of isoquercetin and purpurin in moringaspp and study on quality standard of leaf powderHPLC method for the determination of isoquercetin and purpurin in moringaspp was established.Chromatographic column: YMC-C18 column(4.6 mm * 250 mm,5 microns),mobile phase of acetonitrile B-A 0.05% phosphoric acid water,gradient elution and column temperature of 30 ℃,detection wavelength of 360 nm.Results show that the chromatograph peak separation effect is good,different quercetin and astragalus sinicus glycosides RSD were 0.87% and 0.49% respectively,the precision of the experiment stability experiment reference substance RSD were 1.37% and 0.89% respectively,and RSD were 0.77%,0.90%,respectively,of the repetitive experiments RSD were 0.69% and 1.07% respectively,the average recovery of 98.98% and 99.58% respectively,the method is simple operation,good linearity,stability,recovery,and instrument precision,reliable and can be used for hot konoha medicinal materials quality evaluation.Moringin leaf powder and petiole powder were qualitatively identified by microscopic differentiation.The epidermal cells of the leaves were irregular,the stomata was planar,the non-glandular hairs were single cells,the petiole cork cells were in sheets,and the wood fibers were bunched..The index component limit of moringaspp was established: the moisture content did not exceed 12.13%;The total ash content did not exceed 14.53%,and the average content of acid insoluble ash was 0.36%.Alcohol soluble extract 34.67%.According to the provisions of the national pharmacopoeia committee on the lower limit of evaluation indexes,the content of isoquercetin in moringaspp powder should not be lower than 2.39mg/g.The content of purpurin should not be lower than 1.56mg/g.Heavy metal Pb,Cd,Hg,Cu,As content conforms to "green trade standards of importing medicinal plants &preprations" evaluation standard heavy metal(20 mu g/g,or less total heavy metal Pb acuities were 5.0 mu g/g,Cd or less 0.3 mu g/g,Hg acuities were 0.2 mu g/g,Cu acuities were 20 mu g/g,the As 2.0 mu g/g)or less,pesticide residue determination method to carry out,according to Chinese pharmacopoeia appendix B Ⅰ spicy konoha 255 in pesticide residues were below detection limit.2.Research on influencing factors of moringaspp qualityThrough the research on soil physical and chemical properties of different regions suggests that CEC content is including yuanjiang JingZuoZhan highest cmol/(26.49 kg),including yuanjiang moringa estate lowest(cmol 4.40 / kg),moringa planting soil pH in 6.80 ~ 8.36,different quercetin and astragalus sinicus glycosides content showed significant negative correlation with the soil pH value and CEC all,soil organic matter content in the 10.48 37.21 g/kg,and there is no linear relationship between efficacy composition.The difference between the components of moringa oleifera leaves and petiole was small,but the content difference between the components was significant(p<0.05).The content of other components in leaves except crude fiber was higher than that in petiole.Hot water from different parts of the wood,ash,fat,crude fiber,starch,total sugar and protein and other nutrients,different quercetin and milk vetch both efficacy components are significant differences,in moringa roots,stems,leaves,flowers,seeds,kinds of pod,six parts of leaf of ash content(10.05 g / 100 g),protein(32.03 g / 100 g),quercetin(3.35 g / 100 g)and astragalus sinicus glycosides(3.31 g / 100 g)the highest levels.3.Research on processing technology in moringa producing areaThe drying process of moringa oleifera leaves is mainly slow drying.Microwave drying is the shortest for 28 min,80 ℃ constant temperature drying times for 7 h.Through investigation found that shade drying,vacuum drying and 50 ℃ constant temperature drying can better retain the spicy konoha nutrition composition and efficacy composition,and 50 ℃ temperature dry can effectively save time.Compared with the directly dried moringia leaves,the content of appearance,nutrition and pharmacodynamic components were significantly reduced after drying under high temperature and microwave sterilization.Compared with microwave sterilization,high temperature sterilization has the characteristics of rapid heating and uniform heating.The effects of different killing methods on the content of various components in moringaspp leaves were as follows: the content of total flavonoids and isoquercetin decreased with the increase of killing temperature,while the content of total phenols and violet glucoside increased with the increase of killing temperature.The total flavonoids(68.57mg/g)and total phenols(10.59mg/g)in the leaves of the leaves exposed to high heat for 10 min were the least,but the loss of nutrients was extremely high.However,microwave low-fire killing method could easily reduce the content of total flavonoids and total phenols.The best killing process for moringin leaves was microwave medium-fire for 5-10 min.4.Study on Fresh-keeping and Storage Technology of Moringa oleifera LeavesThe effects of room temperature and 4 ℃ cold storage on the fresh-keeping effect of Moringa oleifera L.were studied.It was found that the leaves of Moringa oleifera L.stored at room temperature were very perishable.From the 3rd day,the leaves of Moringa oleifera L.began to brown,and the quality of Moringa oleifera L.stored at low temperature could exceed 16 days.Comparing the index compositions of hot wood leaves treated by vacuum and non-vacuum under refrigeration condition,it was found that the process of vacuum extraction could easily cause mechanical damage to the leaves during storage,resulting in the accelerated decrease of chroma,moisture content,edibility,respiratory rate and ascorbic acid content,thus aggravating the decay rate of the leaves.Through the investigation of different packaging materials,it was found that the higher the air permeability of packaging materials,the lower the moisture content of leaves,but it could delay browning.In addition,if stored in short-term(within 8 days),there was no obvious disadvantage in each index component of horseradish leaves packed in woven bags.If stored in long-term,the sealing packaging effect of aluminized kraft paper bags was better.5.Study on the effect of Moringa oleifera on moistening intestine and relieving constipation in miceTo study the effect of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera and water extract of Moringa oleifera on intestinal moistening and defecation in constipation model mice,a model of constipation in mice was established by dehydration and drying method.Compared with the model group,the low,medium and high dose groups of alcohol extract of Moringa oleifera and water extract of Moringa oleifera oleifera could significantly shorten the first defecation time of mice,increase the water content of feces in mice,increase the amount of defecation within 6 hours,and significantly increase the Gastric emptying rate and small intestinal content propulsive rate inhibit constipation-induced small intestinal villus injury,regulate gastrointestinal hormones and maintain small intestinal motility in mice.Among them,the high-dose ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera is the closest to the blank group,and the deviation within the group is small,and the effect of moistening intestine and relaxing bowel is the best. |
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