The Oral Microbiome Structure Research On Maternal-Infant Correlation

Microbial communities not only interact with the host,but also affect human health and disease states.In some cases,changes in microbial community structure may have a negative impact on the host.Studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between maternal microbial community and adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal disease.The maternal microbiome is considered to be a key factor in the colonization of the neonatal primary microbiota,and the initial development of the neonatal microbiome is largely influenced by the mother.Therefore,the role of microbial communities in maternal and child health has received increasing attention.It is particularly important to study the correlation between maternal and infant microbial groups.With the development of next-generation sequencing technology,microbiota is detected in the placenta of healthy full-term pregnant women,that is,the environment in which the fetus is located is not sterile.In the study of human placental microorganism,it is found that placental microbiome is a common symbiotic species of oral cavity,which was also detected in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women.The above results all indicate that there is a certain correlation between amniotic fluid,placental microorganisms and oral microorganisms,indicating that the initial neonatal flora has been established before birth and is closely related to maternal microorganisms.Although previous studies have pointed out that there are certain similarities between placental microorganism and oral microorganism,the study data are based on the comparison between placental microorganism data and oral microorganism data of non-pregnant subjects,and the conclusion has certain limitations.Therefore,this study aims to explore the correlation between maternal oral microbes and neonatal oral flora by analyzing the oral-placenta-amniotic fluid-neonatal oral sample microbial community structure of the same pregnant woman and lay a certain theoretical foundation for further study on the source of neonatal oral flora and maternal-infant oral microbial transmission pathway.Objective1.To analyze the microbial community structure of maternal oral cavity,amniotic fluid,placenta and neonatal oral cavity during pregnancy;2.To study the correlation of microbial community structure in maternal oral cavity and neonatal oral cavity MethodSamples of maternal oral cavity,amniotic fluid,placenta,and neonatal oral cavity were collected from healthy full-term pregnant women using the Illumina MiSeq platform with informed consent.Based on the 16 S rRNA V3-V4 region,high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the community diversity and bacterial composition of oral cavity,amniotic fluid,placenta and neonatal oral microbes,and to explore the correlation of maternal-infant oral microbial community structure.Result1.Venn graph results showed that the unique OTUs in the four groups were NO(117),MO(80),AF(146)and PL(142),accounting for 6.45%,4.41%,and 8.04% of the total OTUs,respectively.7.82%.In addition,there were 635 shared OTUs in the four groups,approximately 50% of the OTUs were detected in all groups.2.The results of Alpha diversity analysis of grouped microbial structure showed that the Chao1 index indicated there was no significant difference between the MO group and the NO group.In addition,the microbial community had the most abundant bacteria in the PL group.The Shannon index showed that there was no difference in the bacterial species of the microbial community in the NO,MO,AF and PL groups.3.The results of the Beta diversity analysis of the microbial structure of the grouped samples showed that the bacterial diversity of the bacteria in the NO,MO and AF groups was basically the same except for the PL group in the PCoA.The grouped samples were not completely separated in the four quadrants,and there was an overlap of a small number of samples,indicating a certain similarity in the structure of the four sets of samples.4.The results of grouped samples analysis showed that Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in four groups.Among them,there were similarities in the relative abundance of six phyla between the MO group and the NO group.5.The results of grouped samples analysis showed that Sediminibacterium,Streptococcus,Haemophilus,Prevotella,Sphingomonas,Neisseria and Fusobacterium were the dominant genus in four groups.Among them,there were similarities in the relative abundance of 15 genera between the MO group and the NO group.6.The results of dissimilarity analysis based on the structure of the flora showed that the microbial community structure difference was not significant among the four groups,and the community structure between the NO group and the AF group was more similar.ConclusionThe continuity of microbial community structure in maternal oral cavity,placenta,amniotic fluid and neonatal oral cavity indicated that the establishment of oral flora in neonates was related to that of maternal microbial community.Especially,maternal oral microorganisms could cross the placenta,reach amniotic fluid and eventually partially colonize in the oral cavity of neonates and participate in the establishment of oral initial flora in neonates.