A Study On The Relationship Between Psychological Contract Of Pharmacists In Medical Institutions And Attitudes And Behaviors Of Pharmaceutical Services

Objective: To research the correlation between the psychological contract of pharmacists in medical institutions in Zunyi City and their attitudes and behaviors in pharmaceutical service,and to put forward the management countermeasures and suggestions for improving the attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service based on psychological contract of pharmacists in medical institutions,thus providing references for medical institutions and government health administration to study and improve the management of pharmaceutical service and pharmacists in medical institutions.Methods: Pharmacists from primary,secondary tertiary medical institutions in Zunyi City were recruited using a stratified random cluster sampling methods.The demographic data questionnaire,scale for pharmacists’ psychological contract,job burnout scale and scale for attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service were used to investigate.800 questionnaires were distributed,job burnout and attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service were recorded and analyzed.The relationship between psychological contract and attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service and the mediating role of job burnout between them were discussed.The data were recorded and analyzed by Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 16.0.Demographic data were expressed as statistical numbers and composition ratioes.The scores of each dimension of the scales were expressed as mean±standard deviation.Univariate analysis was performed using independent sample t-test and analysis of variance with multiple comparisons performed using LSD/Dunnett T3 method;continuous variables were analyzed by Pearson correlation;multivariate analysis was performed by multiple linear regression analysis;and R language was used to establish structural equation modeling.Results:(1)The average total score of psychological contract of the pharmacist’s was 4.85±0.785;the pharmacist’s responsibility score was 5.42±0.637;the hospital’s responsibility score was 4.64±1.069;and the society/government responsibility scorewas 4.49±1.134.In each dimension,the hospital’s transaction responsibility score was4.91±1.046,the hospital’s development responsibility score was 4.53±1.200,the hospital’s cooperation responsibility score was 4.71±1.231,the hospital’s concept responsibility score was 4.48±1.250,the pharmacist’s transaction responsibility score was 5.58±0.722,and the pharmacist’s development responsibility score was4.96±0.976,the pharmacist’s cooperation responsibility score was 5.62±0.608,and the pharmacist’s concept responsibility score was 5.44±1.134.(2)The average total score of job burnout of pharmacists was 2.57±0.665;the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were 2.37±0.800 and 1.67±0.803,respectively,both indicating moderate burnout;the score of low sense of achievement was 3.57±1.079,below the critical value,indicating mild burnout.(3)The scores of attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service were 4.42±0.505 and 4.55±0.461,respectively,both in good condition.(4)Psychological contract and all its dimensions were negatively correlated with job burnout(P<0.01);psychological contract and all its dimensions were positively correlated with attitude and behavior in pharmaceutical service(P<0.01);and all dimensions of job burnout were negatively correlated with attitude and behavior in pharmaceutical service(P<0.01).The structural equation modeling results show that the standard path coefficient between psychological contract and pharmaceutical service was 0.48;the standard path coefficient between psychological contract and burnout was-0.66 and the standard path coefficient between burnout and pharmaceutical service was-0.32,and that job burnout plays a part of mediating role between pharmacists’ psychological contract and attitude to pharmaceutical service and behavior in pharmaceutical service.The mediation effect can account for 59% and 25.5% of the total effect.(5)Educational background,pharmacist’s transaction responsibility,pharmacist’s cooperation responsibility,depersonalization and low sense of achievement are the main influencing factors of pharmacist’s attitude to pharmaceutical service;academic background,pharmacist’s cooperation responsibility,pharmacist’s concept responsibility and low sense of achievement are the main influencing factors of pharmacist’s behavior in pharmaceutical service.Conclusion:(1)Pharmacists included in the survey believed that the degree of fulfillment of pharmacists’ self-responsibility was higher than that of hospitals’ responsibility and society/government responsibility.(2)The main manifestations ofjob burnout of pharmacists in Zunyi medical institutions are emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.(3)Psychological contract and all its dimensions are negatively correlated with job burnout.Job burnout and all its dimensions are negatively correlated with attitude and behavior of pharmaceutical service.There is a positive correlation between the pharmacist’s psychological contract and its dimensions and pharmaceutical service attitudes and behaviors.Job burnout mediates the relationship between psychological contract and attitude and behavior in pharmaceutical service.(4)Educational background,pharmacist’s transaction responsibility,pharmacist’s cooperation responsibility,depersonalization and low sense of achievement have influence on pharmacist’s attitude to pharmaceutical service.(5)Educational background,pharmacist’s cooperation responsibility,pharmacist’s concept responsibility and low sense of achievement have influence on pharmacist’s behavior in pharmaceutical service.