Chemical Composition From The Roots Of Cichorium Glandulosum And Their Biological Activity

Background information:Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet is the traditional Uygur medicine,which was first published in the Xinjiang Chinese Herbal Medicine Handbook,the whole grass is used as mediccine by Uighurs in Xinjiang.All chicory roots,stems and leaves can be used as medicine.The whole plants of C.glandulosum have been used as a traditional Uygur medicine to treat bacterial infections,inflammation,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,and liver diseases.In addition,chicory is widely used as pasture and vegetables,and it has also been favored by the international health food industry as a health drink and functional food.Objective:（1）Extracting and separating the chemical constituents of Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet;（2）Determination physicochemical properties of different chemical constituents of chicory;（3）Researching the anti-inflammatory activity of the chemical components obtained from Cichorium glandulosum Boiss et Huet.Methods:（1）Extracting the C.glandulosum roots use 95%ethyl alcohol by cold extraction,and extracting with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol in turn;（2）The EtOAc fraction was fractionated by normal silica gel column,reversed silica gel column,sephedx LH-20 gel;（3）The obtained sample was purified using HPLC;（4）Determination of relative configurations of compounds using NMR,spectroscopic methods and literature comparison;（5）Determination of the absolute configuration of compounds by chemical methods（Rh₂（OCOCF₃）₄ lead ECD）and spectroscopic methods;（6）Anti-inflammatory activity was detected by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cytokine secretion of nitric oxide（NO）.Results:（1）5.2 Kg of crude extract was obtained by pulverizing 68 Kg of C.glandulosum root,and 700 g of petroleum ether,520 g of ethyl acetate and 660 g of n-butanol were obtained.（2）25 compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts.（3）Physicochemical properties and NMR were identified as 14 sesquiterpenes,5 flavonoids,3lignin,and 3 benzene ring molecule compound.Five new componds named glandulosine A—E,the known compounds were defined as:1β-OH-eudesm-4-en-6β,7α,11β-H-12,6-lact on（6）,1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5α,6βH-eudesm-3-en-12,6-olide（7）,11β,13-dihydrosa-ntamarin（8）,scorzoside（9）,lactucin（10）,11β,13-dihydrolactucin（11）,annuolide D（12）,sonchuside A（13）,lactucopicrin（14）,3-O-D-glucopyranoside（15）,7-methyl-ether-3-O-glucoside（16）,3,3′,5′-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy,3-β-D-glucopyranoside（17）,2-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-3-（2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl）-3-oxo-1-propanol（18）,3,3′,5′-tetrahy droxy-7-methoxy,3-β-D-glucopyranoside（19）,medioresionl（20）,3′,4′-dimethoxyphenyl-3-hydroxymethyl-2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxybenzofuran-5-propan-101（21）,（2R,3S）-2,3-dihydr o-2-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-benzofuranmethanol（22）,3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid（23）,4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid（24）and 4-（methoxyphenyl）acetic acid（25）.（4）All isolates were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro,and two sesquiterpenes DT1-6-1（23.7±5.9μM）and DT1-29-14（35.2±5.9μM）,a flavonoid DT1-55-6（22.6±7.2μM）showed moderate inhibitory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide（NO）production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC50 values of 23.7,35.2,and 35.1μM,respectively.Conclusion:（1）The chemical constituents in the C.glandulosum root are mainly sesquiterpenes and flavonoids;（2）sesquiterpene may be the main source of medicinal value of C.glandulosum;（3）The certain anti-inflammatory effects of C.glandulosum root may depend on the sesquiterpene components.