Study On The Gray Matter Volume In Elderly With Hypertension Based On MRI Voxel

Objective: To investigate the difference of gray matter volume between hypertensive and non-hypertensive elderly individuals,to reveal whether drug treatment has an effect on the volume of gray matter in the elderly with hypertension,and to explore the correlation between the gray matter volume and multiple elements including hypertension duration,age,sex and so on with the method of voxel-based morphometry.Methods:67 elderly(According to the world health organization’s latest division of human age,the age of the elderly is no less than 60 years old)volunteers who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from the Physical Examination Center of The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and WeChat Moments since September 2018 to January 2019,including 23 in the non-hypertensive group(control group),22 in the group with normal blood pressure after hypertensive medication,and 22 in the hypertensive group without treated or with high blood pressure after medication.Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)and T1-TFE sequence scanning were performed.All the 3DT1 sequences of all the subjects were processed by VBM8 using SPM software under Matlab platform,then all the subjects’ gray matter volume diagrams were obtained.One-way Anova was conducted on the gray matter volume diagrams of the three groups of subjects,and the results were tested afterwards.The statistical analysis function of SPM software was used to analyze the correlation between the gray matter volume of all subjects and hypertension course,age,gender,cognition and other factors.Results:1.One-way Anova was performed for the non-hypertensive group(control group),the normal blood pressure group after hypertensive medication,the hypertensive group without treated or with high blood pressure after medication.Brain areas of gray matter volume reduction in the group with normal blood pressure after hypertensive medication and the group with hypertension without treated or with high blood pressure after medication were mainly located in bilateral temporal lobes and bilateral central motor areas,while the areas with significant reduction included the right temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus,right heschl gyrus,right precentral gyrus,right postcentral gyrus,right rolandic operculum,left rolandic operculum,left postcentral gyrus,left heschl gyrus,superior temporal gyrus;extended brain areas include: left parahippocampal gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus,opercular part,and left superior frontal gyrus(P < 0.000).2.Post-hoc analysis was conducted between the groups with normal blood pressure after hypertensive medication and the group with hypertension without treated or with high blood pressure after medication,and no significant difference in gray matter volume was found between the two groups,so there was no significant statistical significance.3.The correlation analysis between the cerebral gray matter volume and the course of hypertension in the hypertensive volunteers showed a weak negative correlation(P < 0.001),and involving brain areas included left cerebellar hemisphere region 7b,left cerebellar hemisphere region 8,left cerebellar hemisphere region crus2,right cerebellar hemisphere region crus1,right cerebellar hemisphere region crus2,and right supramarginal gyrus.4.There was a negative correlation between gray matter volume and age in the elderly(P< 0.001).The brain regions with obvious linear relationship were mainly located in the left hippocampus and the right temporal lobe,including the left hippocampus,left parahippocampal gyrus,right superior temporal gyrus,right middle temporal gyrus,right insula,right heschl gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus.In addition,gray matter volume also decreased with age in left rolandic operculum,left inferior frontal gyrus,opercular part,right inferior frontal gyrus,triangular part,left superior frontal gyrus,right superior occipital gyrus and right postcentral gyrus.5.The male gray matter volume atrophy was more obvious than female.The relevant brain regions were mainly located in bilateral frontal lobe,postcentral gyrus,parietal lobe,cingulate gyrus,bilateral cerebellar hemispheres and bilateral cerebellar peduncle.Conclusion:1.In the elderly,hypertension can lead to a decrease in the volume of gray matter in some brain areas,most notably in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus,heschl gyrus,and bilateral sensorimotor area.2.The extent of gray matter volume reduction in elderly patients with hypertension was not significantly affected by drug therapy.3.With the prolongation of the course of hypertension,the gray matter volume were affected more and more obvious in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres and bilateral cerebellar peduncle.4.In the elderly,the volume of gray matter in the left hippocampus and the right temporal lobe was negatively correlated with age.5.The atrophy of gray matter volume was more obvious in some brain areas in elderly men than in women,including bilateral frontal lobe,postcentral gyrus,parietal lobe,cingulate gyrus,bilateral cerebellar hemispheres,bilateral cerebellar peduncle.