Application Of “Parents’ School” In Primipara Health Education

Objective Establish and apply the "Parent School" model of postpartum health education for primipara,evaluate the effect of implementation,and verify that the implementation of this model can meet the needs of postpartum health education for primipara,improve the ability of mother and infant care for primipara,and promote maternal and infant health。Methods This study is divided into three parts.The first part is to compile and apply "Questionnaire of Primipara’s Postpartum Health Education Needs".Establish a questionnaire for postpartum health education needs of primipara.Investigate the needs of 48 primipara in the obstetrics department of the hospital where the researcher works in terms of content,mode and time of postpartum health education,and finally determine the needs of postpartum health education of primipara.The second part is to preliminarily construct the "Parents’ School" model of postpartum health education for primipara through the preliminary survey results and reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature.The third part: practice and evaluation of the application effect of "parents school" primipara health education mode.Using convenience sampling method,132 cases of primipara hospitalized in obstetrics department of a hospital from April 1,2018 to September 30,2018 were selected as the research objects.The primipara in three wards were the control group,and the primipara in four wards were the experimental group.Each group had 66 cases,and the intervention time was 6 months.The control group was given routine health education after delivery,while the intervention group was given "parents’ school" health education on the basis of routine health education.The effect of health education was compared between the two groups.The questionnaire of general information of primipara and postpartum women,the questionnaire of knowledge of maternal and infant nursing during puerperium,the questionnaire of skill assessment of maternal and infant nursing during puerperium,the questionnaire of satisfaction of health education in obstetric nursing,and the survey of 42 days after discharge were used before discharge.The 42-day postpartum exclusive breastfeeding rate,42-day uterine involution and adverse reactions of primipara,42-day postnatal physical development of newborns and the incidence of diseases were evaluated.The effectiveness and feasibility of the "Parents’ School" model of health education for primipara were analyzed。Results 1.The results of the survey on the needs of postpartum health education of primipara show that primipara want to diversify the contents and methods of postpartum health education,mainly including interactive collective teaching of "Parents’ School",promotional pages or health education prescriptions,oral propaganda and so on.But the proportion of health education needs the largest proportion of parents。2.Comparing the mastery of maternal and infant nursing knowledge between the two groups,the mastery of the experimental group was 98.48%,and that of the control group was 68.18%.The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.0001)。3.Comparing the satisfaction scores of hospitalization nursing health education between the two groups,the mastery degree of the experimental group was 98.48%,and that of the control group was 72.73%.The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.0001)。4.Comparing the mastery of maternal and infant nursing skills of primipara in puerperium between the two groups,the satisfaction of the experimental group was 100%,and that of the control group was 72.73%.The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.0001)。5.The comparison of pure breast-feeding rate of primipara between the two groups at 42 days after delivery showed that the rate of pure breast-feeding in the experimental group was 95.45% and that in the control group was 57.58%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P < 0.0001)。6.The comparison of uterine involution of primipara in the two groups at 42 days after delivery showed that the time of postpartum lochia of primipara in the experimental group was(25 +2.4)days and the sum of three uterine paths of primipara in the 42 days after delivery was(13.6 +1.3)mm;the time of postpartum lochia of primipara in the control group was(27 +2.5)days,and the sum of three uterine paths of 42 days after delivery was(15.4 +1.2)mm,which was significant in the experimental group.Compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.0001)。7.Comparisons of adverse reactions between the two groups at 42 days after delivery showed that the incidence of duct obstruction was 7.58% in the experimental group and 22.73% in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.0001)。8.The comparison of 42-day postnatal physical development between the two groups showed that the growth of body weight and length in the experimental group was better than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P < 0.0001)。9.Comparing the incidence of diseases at 42 days after birth between the two groups,the incidence of poor healing of red buttocks and umbilical cord in the experimental group was 7.58% and 1.52%,while the incidence of poor healing of red buttocks and umbilical cord in the control group was 34.85% and 15.15%(P < 0.0001),with no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.0001)。Conclusions 1.The questionnaire on the needs of postpartum health education for primipara compiled can better reflect the needs of the content,mode and time of postpartum health education for primipara。2.The constructed "Parents’ School" model of postpartum health education for primipara can be better applied to postpartum primipara.The implementation of the "Parents’ School" model of postpartum health education for primipara can effectively improve the knowledge and skills of maternal and infant nursing,improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding 42 days after delivery,improve the satisfaction of postpartum health education services,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of puerperal women and neonatal diseases。...