| Objective:The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of common infectious diseases in Rugao City,Jiangsu Province,and to explore effective prevention and control measures for infectious diseases,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases.Methods:The epidemic data of infectious disease is derived from the Information System of China Disease Prevention and Control and epidemic reported data annually of infectious disease in Rugao city,Jiangsu Province.The data are based on the incidence of the case.The reported diseases are 39 kinds of A,B and C infectious diseases,which is stipulated in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases.The demographic data is derived from the 2010-2017 statistical yearbook provided by Statistics Bureau in Rugao City.Excel 2003,SPSS16.0,ArcGISDesktop 10.2 were used for data entry,collation,summary analysis and chart production.Incidence,mortality rate,case-fatality rate or proportion was used to describe for qualitative variables,and the χ2 test was used to compare the reported incidence of common infectious diseases among a population with different time,region,and gender.In this study,a two-side significant level is set as 0.05.Results:1.Epidemic profile:From 2010 to 2017,there are 25 kinds of 25 358 cases of infectious diseases reported in Rugao city and 40 cases died.The average incidence annually is 221.90/100,000,and the average mortality rate annually is 0.35/100,000.Among the cases,there were 15 317 males with an average incidence of 268.61/100,000 and 10 041 females with an average incidence of 175.38/100,000.The age distribution is concentrated in children from 0 to 4 years old,accounting for 50.35%.Among them,the occupational distribution is dominated by children(9 939 cases),accounting for 39.19%.There are farmers(7 779 cases),accounting for 30.68%;children(3 757 cases),accounting for 14.82%;and students(1 581 cases),accounting for 6.23%.2.Epidemiological characteristics:There are cases reported every month,gradually increasing in January and February each year.There occur an incidence peak in May and June(5 563 cases),an incidence secondary trough in August and September and an incidence secondary peak in November and December(4 694 cases).There are cases reported in 14 towns in Rugao city.The top 5 townships with average incidence are Rucheng Street(345.33/100,000),Chengbei Street(316.57/100,000),Chengnan Street(287.73/100,000),Changj iang Town(248.22/100,000)and Banjing Town(196.67/100,000).3.The incidence of infectious diseases:The average incidence rates annually of top 5 infectious diseases are hand,foot,and mouth disease(12 427 cases),tuberculosis(4 909 cases),syphilis(2 396 cases),other infectious diarrheal diseases(1 466 cases)and viral hepatitis(1 367 cases),accounted for 88.99%.Among the total number of reported cases of statutory infectious diseases,the incidence of hand,foot,and mouth disease has ranked the first in Rugao city for 8 years.4.Analysis of the incidence of infectious diseases in different routes of transmission:The most important is intestinal infectious diseases,accounting for 59.91%,followed by respiratory infectious diseases,accounting for 26.15%.The annual incidence of intestinal infectious diseases is between 92.53/100,000 to 165.08/100,000,and the average incidence rate annually is 132.93/100,000.The annual incidence of respiratory infectious diseases is between 46.30/100,000 to 79.79/100,000,and the average incidence rate annually is 58.03/100,000.The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases has been on the ups and downs in recent years.Blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious account for 13.39%.The annual incidence of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases fluctuates from 18.39/100,000 to 49.45/100,000,and the average incidence rate annually is 29.71/100,000.The annual incidence of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases is on the rise in the past 6 years,and the difference in incidence is statistically significant(χ2=371.76,P<0.001).The incidence of natural epidemics and insect-borne diseases is low,with an annual incidence between 0.28/100,000 to 0.98/100,000,and an average incidence annually of 0.53/100,000.In addition,there are 80 cases of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and 1 case of neonatal tetanus reported.5.Epidemiological characteristics of common infectious diseases:the average incidence rates annually of top 5 intestinal infectious diseases are hand,foot,and mouth disease,other infectious diarrheal diseases,hepatitis E virus,bacillary dysentery and typhoid fever;the average incidence rates annually of top 5 respiratory infectious diseases are tuberculosis,mumps,scarlet fever,influenza and measles;the average incidence rates annually of top 5 blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases are syphilis,gonorrhea,hepatitis B virus,AIDS and hepatitis C virus.Conclusion:1.From 2010 to 2017,the incidence of infectious diseases in Rugao City has on the ups and downs,there is no Class A infectious diseases reported.The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases has been on the ups and downs in recent years,and the incidence of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases is on the rise.2.While taking hand,foot,and mouth disease,tuberculosis,syphilis,influenza,etc.as the focus of prevention and control,we will continue to prevent and control new infectious diseases and rare infectious diseases and strengthen monitoring,intervention,education,and treatment to prevent outbreaks and emergencies.The occurrence of the incident will further increase the awareness of prevention and control of infectious diseases among the population,continuously reduce the incidence of infectious diseases,and improve the ability to prevent and control infectious diseases. |
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