Polysaccharides Extracted Form Malus Halliana Koehne Flowers To Improve Constipation And Enhance Immunity Evaluation

Polysaccharides which are widely existed in plants,animals and microorganisms,have many biological activities.This thesis at first reviews the related activities of polysaccharides,particularly,on three aspects in terms of intestinal flora,immunity and constipation.Secondly,the article studied the effect of polysaccharides of Malus halliana Koehne(M.halliana)flowers on functional constipation.The model of constipation in the rats was established by loperamide hydrochloride.Three dose groups(1200 mg/kg,1000 mg/kg,800 mg/kg)of M.halliana flowers polysaccharides were used for treatment.The effects of M.halliana flowers polysaccharides on functional constipation were evaluated by observing feces weight,colon moisture content,the contents of motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS),substance P(SP)and somatostatin(SS).The results suggested that M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could significantly increase the weight of defecation and the colon moisture content in rats.The MTL,GAS and SP content of rats were significantly increased with M.halliana flowers polysaccharides.Meanwhile,M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could reduce the content of SS.In conclusion,M.halliana flowers polysaccharides can effectively improve functional constipation induced by loperamide hydrochloride.Finally,The immunomodulatory activities of M.halliana flowers polysaccharides were investigated.The model of immunosuppressive mice was established with cyclophosphamide,then M.halliana flowers polysaccharides(600,400,200 mg/(kg·d))were used to treat.The results showed that M.halliana flowers polysaccharides significantly increased the spleen index and thymus index,and improved the atrophy of immune organs.M.halliana flowers polysaccharides enhanced the ability of carbon clearance and phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocytes in mice.Meanwhile,M.halliana flowers polysaccharides promoted the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes.M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could enhance the content of serum hemolysin and improve the decrease of hemolysin witch induced by cyclophosphamide.The contents of ACP and LDH in serum and spleen were determined,indicating that M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could enhance the activity of macrophages.M.halliana flowers polysaccharides promoted the content of cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ)and mRNA expression.At the same time,the pathological changes of spleen tissue also showed that M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could improve the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide.In addition,M.halliana flowers polysaccharides increased the content of SOD,T-AOC and CAT in serum and spleen tissue,decreased the level of MDA,and improved the oxidative stress caused by cyclophosphamide.In conclusion,M.halliana flowers polysaccharides could effectively improve the immunosuppression and oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide and enhance the immune capacity of mice.