Investigation And Analysis Of Peri-menopausal Related Symptoms In Women Aged 40-65 Years In Some Areas Of Henan Province

Background and ObjectiveWith the advent of an aging society,the proportion of post-menopausal women has increased year by year.Peri-menopause as a transitional stage between the reproductive period and the old age(late menopause)is of paramount importance to women.Maintaining the physical and mental health of perimenopausal women has important social significance.Peri-menopausal refers to the period in which female ovarian function begins to decline and menopause-related symptoms appear to 1year after menopause.Peri-menopausal characteristics are ovarian dysfunction,estrogen levels fluctuate and decline,during this period women will have hot flashes,low mood,sleep disorders,memory loss,sexual pain,vaginal dryness,urinary incontinence,paresthesia,body A series of symptoms such as pain,clinically known as "menopausal syndrome." Peri-menopausal related symptoms and diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease,osteoporosis,cardiovascular disease,etc.)seriously affect the quality of life and work of women.Osteoporosis(OP)is a long-term symptom of menopausal syndrome and is the most common bone disease.Osteoporosis and fractures are the result of interactions between genetic factors and non-genetic factors such as environment,lifestyle,diet,disease,drugs,and falls.At present,Hormone replacement therapy(HRT)is still the main measure to solve perimenopausal symptoms.It can also prevent bone loss caused by estrogen reduction.It is the drug of choice for postmenopausal osteoporosis,but it is currently low in domestic use.This study conducted a questionnaire survey of 2,100 women aged 40-65 years in 14 districts of Henan Province to understand the peri-menopausal-related symptoms,HRT awareness rate and utilization rate of women in Henan Province,and to carry out relevant knowledge education and popularization,with a view to me.The province contributes to the development of women’s health care and public health.Objects and Methods1 Survey ObjectsUsing the method of multi-stage sampling survey,from November 20 to February 2019,the survey was conducted in 14 national monitoring points of Henan,South,West,North and Central Henan Province.The survey targets 14 districts and counties.The 40-65-year-old women surveyed the area including 7 urban areas,Zhengzhou Zhongyuan District,Xuchang Weidu District,Fuyang City Hualong District,Luoyang City Geely District,Jiaozuo City Liberated Area,Luohe City Yuanhui District,Shangqiu City.Liang Park,7 counties and sub-county rural areas are Huixian County,Xinxiang City,Lingbao County,Sanmenxia City,Hua County,Anyang City,Yucheng County,Xuchang City,Qi County,Hebi City,Tanghe County,Nanyang City,Luoyang City In the county,14 districts distributed a total of 2,100 questionnaires.2 Survey MethodsBased on the relevant literature,the content of the questionnaire was designed and passed the pre-investigation.The survey is conducted by a professionally trained professional investigator to ensure the authenticity and validity of the questionnaire.The questionnaire includes general demographic data,such as: age,occupation,education level,marital status,economy,etc.;history of menstrual marriage,such as: age of menarche,menopause,age of menopause,menopause;peri-menopausal status,such as: Symptoms of perimenopausal syndrome(assessed using a modified Kupperman score sheet),understanding of peri-menopause,understanding of pathways,awareness of HRT,acceptance and concerns,and need for peri-menopausal related health knowledge;Diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis,fracture occurrence and diagnosis,osteoporosis and family history of fracture.3 Statistical ProcessingData were entered using the excel form,and data were analyzed using SPSS21.0 software.The measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation(x±s),maximum value,and minimum value.Two independent samples t test were used for comparison between groups;It was indicated that the P<0.05 difference was statistically significant using the χ2test.The test level is α=0.05.Results1.GeneralA total of 2,100 questionnaires were distributed and 1973 valid questionnaires were returned.The effective rate of the questionnaire was 94.0%,including 947 in urban areas and 1036 in rural areas.The average age of the respondents was(54.21± 6.842)years old.1386 people have been menopausal,accounting for 70.2%,and1263 natural menopause.The average natural menopausal age was(49.18±3.710)years old,urban(49.15±3.512)years old,and rural(49.22±3.894)years old.The difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).2.Peri-menopausal related symptoms and conditions80.9% of women have at least one type of perimenopausal symptoms.The top five menopausal symptoms were insomnia(44.3%),fatigue(40.5%),bone and joint pain(37.6%),dizziness(36.6%),and irritability(32.9%).42.6% of women had perimenopausal syndrome,of which mild(35.6%)and 50-60 years old(49.2%).The incidence of perimenopausal syndrome after menopause(51.2%)was higher than that before menopause(34.2%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).7.3% have been treated or are currently undergoing treatment.The combination of TCM and Chinese medicine is 2.9%,2.5%,and only 0.2% with HRT.The awareness rate of HRT was 6.7%(133/1973),of which 91.7%(122/133)expressed concern about HRT,which was caused by fear of obesity,endometrial cancer,liver damage,and breast cancer.57.4% of women hope to obtain peri-menopausal health knowledge,mainly through medical institutions and the media.3.Status of osteoporosis19.9% of the women surveyed believed that osteoporosis was associated with menopause,and urban women were higher than rural women,and the difference was statistically significant.In this study,only 2.5% of osteoporosis was diagnosed,and 69.4% of patients with osteoporosis were treated with calcium supplements,vitamin D supplements and proprietary Chinese medicines,hormones and hormone-related drugs.Use zero.9.4% of the women surveyed had fractures,and the incidence of fractures was 4.5% in the past 5 years.The female mother wastwice as likely to have osteoporosis as the father;the mother who was investigated had a 2.36-fold higher probability of having a hip fracture.Conclusions(1)The average natural menopause age of women in Henan Province(49.15 ±3.512)years old is basically consistent with the average menopausal age of 49.5years in China.Menopausal syndrome occurs in postmenopausal women,with mildness.(2)80.9% of women had at least one perimenopausal symptom,and 46.2% of women had menopausal syndrome.Only a small percentage(7.3%)of women with menopausal syndrome were treated.(3)Women in perimenopausal women in Henan Province lack understanding of perimenopausal,HRT and osteoporosis.