Application Research Of A New Electromagnetic Cracking Technology In The Extraction Of Chinese Medicine Rheum Palmatum L., Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi. And Bupleurum Chinense DC

Objective:In order to establish the optimal process conditions for the electromagnetic cracking extraction of the total anthraquinones from Rhubarb,baicalin from Astragalus and saikosaponins a and d from Bupleurum in water.The mechanism of electromagnetic cracking extraction of traditional Chinese medicine was investigated by scanning electron microscopy.And by taking Astragalus as an example,the HPLC fingerprint of electromagnetic cracking method was established and compared with other extraction methods to provide reference for the promotion and application of the extraction technology.Methods:Based on the single factor experiment,the extraction time,material size and liquid-to-ratio were used to design the Box-Behnken center.Taking water as the extraction solvent,the optimal process parameters of saikosaponins a and d by electromagnetic cracking extraction were optimized by response surface methodology with the extraction rate of the total anthraquinones,baicalin,saikosaponins a and d as indicators,which was compared with ultrasonic method,ethanol reflux method and decoction method.At the same time,the surface structure of different medicinal materials before and after electromagnetic cracking extraction was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the mechanism of electromagnetic cracking extraction was discussed.Taking Astragalus as an example,the HPLC fingerprint of electromagnetic extracting method,ethanol refluxing method,ultrasonic method and decoction extraction liquid were established and the difference between the electromagnetic cracking method and other methods was compared.Results:The optimum extraction conditions for total anthraquinones were that extraction time of 3.65 min,extraction times of 3 times,liquid-solid ratio of 13 mL·g^-1,and the extraction rate was 17.12 mg·g^-1,the extraction rates of total anthraquinones by ultrasonic method and decoction method were 15.03 mg·g^-11 and 12.73mg·g^-1,respectively.The extraction rate of total anthraquinones by electromagnetic cracking method is higher than that of ultrasonic method and decoction method.The optimum extraction conditions for baicalin were that extraction time of 2.41 min,material size of 100mesh sieve,liquid-solid of ratio 33 mL·g^-1,and the baicalin extraction rate was 12.21%.The extraction rates of baicalin by ultrasonic method,ethanol reflux method and decoction method were 12.91%,12.62%and 11.61%,respectively.The extraction rate of baicalin by electromagnetic cracking extraction method was close to several other conventional extraction methods.The optimum process conditions of saikosaponin a and d were that the extraction time of 2.32 min,the material size of 80 mesh sieve,the liquid-solid ratio of 28mL·g^-1,and the extraction rate of saikosaponins a and d was 8.42 mg·g^-1.The extraction rate of saikosaponins a and d by ultrasonic method and decoction method were 8.34 mg·g^-1and 8.06 mg·g^-1,respectively.The extraction rate of saikosaponins a and d by electromagnetic cracking method was slightly higher than that of ultrasonic method and decoction method.The extraction time of index components in the three traditional Chinese medicines was significantly shortened by electromagnetic cracking method.It can be seen from scanning electron microscopy that the structure of the surface of the three kinds of medicinal materials had been changed after electromagnetic cracking.The fingerprint of Astragalus membranaceus showed that the electromagnetic cracking method had high similarity with the material foundation of several other extraction methods.Conclusion:As an emerging traditional Chinese medicine extraction technology,electromagnetic cracking extraction has the advantages of fast and efficient,time-saving and energy-saving,green and environmental protection,and can provide a new method for the industrial extraction of traditional Chinese medicine.