Study On Knowledge System Construction Of Death Education Course For Nursing Major

Objective:On the basis of understanding the current situation of death education at home and abroad,this study investigated the current situation of nursing students and nurses to understand the needs of death education for nursing students and nurses,and tried to build a scientific,professional and practical death education curriculum knowledge system for nursing specialty with the advice of experts.Methods:This research belongs to descriptive research in non-experimental research.Compre-hensive literature research method,questionnaire survey method and expert inquiry method,etc.The first part adopts the method of literature research:mainly using electronic resource database to search for literature,to understand the current research situation of this study;In the second part,the questionnaire survey method was used:convenience sampling method was used to investigate nursing students in a university in Jilin Province and nurses in a third-class A clinical teaching hospital in Jilin Province,so as to understand the status quo of death education needs of nursing students in school and nurses in clinical practice.The third part is the expert inquiry method:to conduct expert inquiry on the preliminary content of death education curriculum for nursing specialty,and to solicit expert opinions and suggestions.Results:(1)More than half of nursing students know about death,and mostly through school education;64%of nursing students thought that birth and death were equally important,but 53.1%of them had"fear" and "escape" attitudes towards death;In the family of nursing students,81.3%of them talked about or never talked about death when necessary;(2)Nursing students' higher demand for death education items ranked the top five in order:"Perfom-ance of death and dying,Communication skills with dying patients and their families/Mourning counseling for bereaved persons,Physical needs and care of dying patients,Criteria for judging death and dying,Attitude of terminal patients towards death and dying";Nursing students' low demand items ranked the last five in the order of:"The choice of the mode of death,The ethical issues related to abortion,The near-death experience,The disposal of the remains and The related matters of funeral";(3)Nurses' higher demand for death education items ranked the top five in the order of:"Communi-cation skills with dying patients and their families,Stress relief education for medical staff,Physical needs and care of dying patients,Symptoms management and control of dying patients,Principles and methods of loss and sadness counseling";Nurses with lower needs ranked the last five items in the order of:"Funeral-related matters,Views on death of different religions,Origin of Death,Immor-tality of death,Institute of life and death studies";(4)Distribution of demand rate for death education among nursing students and nurses:On the theoretical level,except for the items of "Attitudes of end-stage patients towards death and dying,Patients' right to know and medical decision-making,Attitudes of all ages towards death and dying",the demand of nursing students is slightly lower than that of nurses,other items are higher than that of nurses;At the practical level,besides "Communication skills with dying patients and their families,Implementation methods of death education and Mourning counseling for bereaved persons",the demand of nursing students is slightly higher than that of nurses,other items were lower than the needs of nurses.(5)The first round of inquiry papers in this study included three first-level indicators,10 second-level indicators and 60 third-level indicators.After two rounds of expert inquiries,three third-level indicators were deleted,two second-level indicators and two third-level indicators were added.The final system includes three first-level indicators,11 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators.Among them,the first-level indicator "Theoretical basis of death education" includes five second-level indicators and 26 third-level indicators."Practice of death education" includes four secondary indicators and 21 tertiary indicators,and "Application of death education" includes two secondary indicators and seven tertiary indicators.Conclusions:(1)The course of hospice care provided in school alone can not meet the needs of death education of nursing students.It needs specialized death education;The topic of death is still a forbidden area in most nursing families,and family life and death education has been lacking for a long time.(2)The overall level of the respondents' demand for death education content is higher,among which nursing students are more focused on the theoretical part and nurses are more focused on the practical part.(3)The expert inquiry in this study finally established the knowledge system of death education cur-riculum in nursing specialty,which includes three first-level indicators:the theoretical basis of death education,the practice of death education and the application of death education.