Neural Pathways For Resisting Exercise-induced Fatigue Of Concentrated Blueberry Juice

Exercise-induced fatigue,a common sub-health state,disturb quality of life and work efficiency seriously.Concentrated blueberry juice containing rich bioactive ingredients protects us from injury and overcomes the toxic side effects of traditional drugs.In this experiment,we evaluated the effects of blueberry juice on the fatigue mice and explored the neural mechanism focusing on the striatal dopamine pathway.We established the mice fatigue model by forced swimming method and detected the exhausted time and fatigue-related biochemical indexes.The behavior of mice changed seriously and the exhausted time reduced significantly following forced swimming for one week.All indexes in the fatigue group were worse than those in the control group.It is indicated that the exercise-induced fatigue model has been successfully established.We treated fresh blueberries with the freeze concentration technology and detected the effects of blueberry juice on fatigue mice.At first,the visible light absorption spectrum of concentrated blueberry was detected,and the blueberry juice concentrated for four times was selected for further experiments.Meanwhile,the content of anthocyanin detected by pH-differential method was reached to 5.74 ± 0.03 mg/mL.Then,we irrigated the mice with saline group,red bull,caffeine,low-dose blueberry juice,high-dose blueberry juice respectively and made the mice to swimming for 60 min per day.We found that pretreatment with blueberry juice could prolong exhausted time of mice,decrease BLA and BUN levels,and recover the content of LG and MG.Meanwhile,the morphology of myocardial fibers,liver and renal tubular epithelial cells of fatigue mice changed obviously,which could be improved by blueberry juice.In order to explore the neural pathways for resisting exercise-induced fatigue of concentrated blueberry juice,we investigated the effects of blueberry juice on striatal neurons.The stain results showed that fatigue could lead to neuronal damage.Moreover,the slight loss of striatal neurons was evident in fatigue model group,while blueberry juice could alleviate neuronal injury.Subsequently,we performed immunofluorescence and Western blot to determine the expressions of TH and DAT.The expressions of TH and DAT in striatum decreased significantly,and the blueberry juice enhanced the protein expressions dramatically.The results of mRNA and the expressions of protein were analogous.Those results indicated that blueberry juice can maintain the synthesis and transport of dopamine in the striatum-cortex dopaminergic pathway of exercise-induced fatigue mice.The above results showed that a stable fatigue model was established,and concentrated blueberry juice has obvious anti-fatigue effects.The mechanism may be associated with maintaining the synthesis and transport of dopamine in striatum-cortical dopaminergic pathways,contributing to motivation.