| BackgroundParkinson’s disease(PD)is the second largest degenerative disease of the nervous system.In recent years,it has been found that intestinal microbes play an important role in the "brain-intestine-axis",and Parkinson’s disease and intestinal flora are disordered.Closely related,changes in the intestinal flora and its mediating immune inflammation play a role in the development of PD,which is a potential diagnostic biomarker and a new target for intervention.By comparing the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in healthy and Parkinson’s disease patients and analyzing the differences in intestinal flora between patients with Parkinson’s disease to predict the risk of PD,interventions against intestinal microflora may reduce PD inflammatory damage and protect dopamine.The ability to neuron and then prevent or treat PD early provides helpPpurpose and SignificanceBy establishing a disorder index of intestinal flora in different clinical phenotypes of Parkinson’s disease,and correlating it with disease severity,clinical symptoms,and eating habits of patients,the Parkinson’s disease-related intestinal disorders in South China were established.Characteristic index model to predict the risk of Parkinson’s disease.MethodsThe cases were from May 2016 to May 2017 in the Department of Neurology,Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University,and patients with Parkinson’s disease and some of their healthy spouses.Strictly based on the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,the clinical data and fecal specimens of the enrolled cases were collected.Fecal samples were used.The refrigerator was placed at-80℃ within 24 hours,total DNA was extracted from the stool samples,and 16s rRNA V4 variable regions were used for PCR amplification.The PCR products were quantitatively mixed,pretreated and sequenced with high throughput.Based on the QIIME(1.9.1)analysis,we used Usearch algorithm to statistically analyze the bioinformatics of 97%of OTUs at similar levels to generate phylogenetic trees of all OTU representative sequences and perform Alpha and Beta diversity analysis.The random forest classification model used the R software package to classify the two groups of samples for Lefse analysis of the differential bacteria between the two groups.The LDA linear discriminant analysis has a critical value of 2.Statistical analysis was performed using R(3.2.2).Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric(Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum test methods)used in the Lefse analysis.Due to the multidimensional nature of the data,the Adonis test was performed on the QIIME 1.9.1 platform.P<0.05 was statistically significant.ResultThe increase in abundance in Parkinson’s group was dominated by Bacteria,S24-7,Desulfovobrionales,Bifidobacteriacease,Diallister,Morganella;the increased abundance in the control group was mainly Firmicutes,Clostridia,Lachnospiracease,Faecallbacterium,Betaproteobacteria,Burkholderiales,Blautia,Lachnospira Roseburia,Bacilli,Lacrobacilales.Compared with the control group,the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae in the Parkinson’s group was significantly reduced.The abundance of Veillonellaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae increased significantly,but there was no statistical difference.The abundance of Fusobacteria in early-onset PD feces increased significantly.Roseburia content was more abundant in tremblable PD feces,but Leptotrichia and Anaerotruncus were significantly reduced.The abundance of Ricknellaceae,Deferribacteraceae,and Pasteurellaceae in feces of patients with PD over a period of more than 5 years was significantly increasedConclusionThere is a change in the structure of the intestinal flora in Parkinson’s disease patients.In addition,the clinical subtypes of patients with Parkinson’s disease also have disorders of intestinal flora.This provides a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of PD... |
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