| Background:China has entered the aging society in 2000.In 2013,population over 60 years old exceeded 200 million,thus leading China becoming the largest number of elderly population in the world.With the deterioration of the physical quality,the elderly often suffer from a variety of chronic diseases combined with a variety of geriatric syndrome.Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases in the elderly,which significantly increases the risk of target organ damage,such as heart,brain and kidney.In 2012,the prevalence of hypertension in people over 60 years old in China has reached 58.9%.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate are 53.7%,48.8%and 16.1%,respectively.Compared with the developed countries,there is still a gap.In addition,because of the particularity of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of hypertension in the elderly,we should pay more attention to the elderly patients with hypertension.Objective:A cross-sectional study was conducted on some elderly hypertensive patients in Chongqing area.,the data of demography;social adaptation,individual behavior,situation of examination and treatment about hypertension,and concomitant diseases,were collected to understand the present situation of hypertension,medical conditions and disease management of the old hypertensive patients in the city.Methods:In this study,a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2016 to June 2016.The data were derived from the elderly hypertension patients in the geriatric department,the cardiology department and the self-care area of QingGang care center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,by face-to-face inquiry and medical records inquiry.The database was built by Epidata3.1 software,and the data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software.The difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.For the measurement data,the mean number ± standard deviation(x ± s)and the median(the upper four digits,the lower four digits)(M(P25,P75))are expressed.For the the counting data the frequency and percentage are expressed,and the chi square test is used.Results:A total of 497 valid questionnaires were collected,including 231 males and 266 females,aged 60～103 years(77.45 ± 8.24)old.The number of blood pressure that reached standard was 277(55.73%)cases.Single-factor analysis showed that there was statistically significant difference between the controlled group and the uncontrolled group in terms of age and blood pressure grading.The completion of healthy lifestyle are as follows:reduce sodium intake 69.01%(343 cases),increase fresh vegetables and fruits intake to add potassium salts 55.33%(275 cases),reduce fat intake 57.55%(286 cases),no smoking 87.53%(435 cases),no alcohol 88.33%(439 cases),regular physical exercise 53.32%(265 cases),psychological health 59.36%(295 cases).The rate of using outfit of upper arm electronic sphygmomanometer is 34.41%(171 cases).223 cases(44.9%)were easy to find a community hospitals to visit,and 107 of them would go to the community hospitals for medical treatment.88%of the patients usually visit the clinic of hypertension in general hospital once a month,in order to get conventional medicines.81.4%of the patients would cost 1 hour to get to general hospitals from home.And 19.1%of the patients considered the time cost in waiting is unacceptable.The screening and positive rate conditions of hypertension related laboratory examination are as follows:the screening rates of fasting blood glucose,blood lipid,renal function,urine routine,electrocardiogram,echocardiography and carotid ultrasound were greater than 85%,and the positive rate of electrocardiogram,echocardiography,carotid ultrasound which indicate target organ damage in hypertension was higher.Only 24 cases(4.83%)were evaluated for simple hypertension and 473 patients(95.17%)had concomitant diseases.The top five concomitant diseases were coronary heart disease,diabetes,stroke,osteoarthropathy,and osteoporosis.Hypertension ranked first among the family history diseases of these patients.There were 215 cases(43.88%)who took single medicine of depressurization,and there were 4 kinds of antihypertensive medicine be taken at most.The most common species were CCB and ARB,and the highest frequency was levamlodipine and losartan.On the compliance of medication,441 cases(88.73%)took medicine regularly.Conclusion:The control rate of blood pressure in the elderly hypertensive patients in this investigation is good,but problems still exist within the patients that there are many abnormal laboratory projects,much concomitant disease,much types of medicines need to take,the situation of healthy lifestyle and family blood pressure monitor can be promoted.Therefore,besides the existing hypertension management mode based on community management in China,the general hospital should set up a multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment outpatient for the elderly hypertensive patients,to provide comprehensively evaluate and reasonable and perfect treatment plan for them. |
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