The Association Between Pregnancy Pressure,preceived Social Support And Depressive Symptoms Among Women In Late Pregnancy:The Mediating Role Of Self-efficacy And Self-esteem

Objective: Pregnancy as a major life event in women's life,is a thing which happy and looking forward to,but female role transformation due to pregnancy and childbirth appears as a state of stress,to experience a significant physical and psychological stress reaction.With the development of medical science and the transformation of medical model,the research of the psychosocial factors and health relationship had been paid more attention to,but the attention to the psychological health of pregnant women did not go far enough.Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in pregnant women.It not only causes physical and psychological harm to pregnant women,but also affects the development of the fetus in the womb and after birth.To study the mental health of pregnant women is of great significance to improve the prenatal health level of pregnant women and reduce the occurrence of postpartum depression.This study province choose pregnant women in a city in liaoning as the research object,the pregnancy stress and perceived social support as independent variables,self-efficacy and self-esteem as a intervening variable,depression as the dependent variable,describe prenatal mental health status and distribution,discusses and comprehend the relationship between the pregnancy stress,perceived social support and depression tendency.to explore and understand mediating role of self-efficacy and self-esteem in the relationship between the pregnancy stress,social support and depression.Objects and Methods: This study used convenient sampling method to selected all pregnant women who met the criteria for inclusion in the hospital in jinzhou city of liaoning province during a certain period of time to check the questionnaire.PPS,PSSS,GSES,SES,SDS and the basic situation questionnaire was used to measure for the pregnant woman.Using Epidata3.1 for data entry,data processing and analysis were performed using SPSS17.0 software and Amos17.0 software.Statistical analysis methods mainly include: descriptive analysis,t-test,one-way ANOVAs,Pearson's correlation analysis,hierarchical linear regression analysis and model fitting.Results: A total of 1000 questionnaires were issued and 705 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 72.2%.The results showed that the pregnancy stress scale,the social support scale,the general self-efficacy scale,the self-esteem scale and the Zung depression scale all had good reliability and validity.The incidence of prenatal depression was 20.9%.There was a significant positive correlation between pregnancy stress and depressive symptoms,and a significant negative correlation between social support,self-efficacy,self-esteem and depressive symptoms.After controlling for the effects of demographic variables,the pregnancy stress and realize the impact of social support on depression significantly,which explained 15.1% variance respectively,after introducing self-efficacy and self-esteem equation,has made a new contribution to predict depression,explain the increase of about 22.9% of the variance.Self-efficacy and self-esteem played a part in the relationship between pregnancy stress and depression tendency.Self-efficacy and self-respect play a complete mediating role in understanding the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms.This result is further verified in the construction of structural equation model.Conclusion: PPS,PSSS,GSES,SES and SDS used in this study are suitable for measuring pregnancy pressure,social support,self-efficacy,self-esteem and depression in late-pregnant women.In this study,the incidence of depression in pregnant women was 20.9%,and there were significant differences in the influence of pre-pregnancy BMI,culture and exercise frequency on depressive symptoms.Pregnancy stress has a direct positive predictive effect on depression tendency.Late-pregnant women understand that social support has a direct negative predictive effect on depressive symptoms.The self-efficacy and self-esteem of pregnant women play a part in the relationship between pregnancy stress and depression tendency.Self-efficacy and self-esteem play a complete mediating role in understanding the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms.