Association Between Serum Selenium And Copper And Zinc And Serum Lipids In Adults

Objective Current evidence on the associations of serum selenium and copper and zinc with lipid and dyslipidemia are still controversial.The present study examines the associations between serum selenium and copper and zinc and serum lipids in adults systematically.Methods In this cross-sectional study,we used the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey（NHANES）to examine the relationships between serum selenium and copper and zinc and lipid concentration.Data were collected by questionnaire（demographic characteristics,lifestyle factors and disease history,etc.）,laboratory test（serum selenium,copper,zinc,total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C））and physical examination（height,weight,blood pressure,etc.）.The subjects were divided into three groups according to tertiles of distribution of serum selenium,copper and zinc(P₃₃3 and P₆₇).The 1/3 tertile represented low level,2/3 tertile represented middle level,3/3 tertile represented high level.Student’s t-test,rank-sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the differences between subjects with normal serum lipids and dyslipidemia.Logistic regression was conducted to examine the associations between serum selenium,copper and zinc and the risk of dyslipidemia.Stratified analyses were performed by age and gender to assess the above-mentioned associations.Restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the dose-response relationships.Results A total of 3289 subjects aged 20 years old and over were eligible for our analyses.In the results of multivariate-adjusted models,middle level of serum selenium was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=1.67,95%CI:1.25-2.24）,high level of serum selenium was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=2.10,95%CI:1.51-2.91）,high TG hyperlipidemia（OR=1.66,95%CI:1.02-2.68）and dyslipidemia（OR=1.58,95%CI:1.11-2.25）;middle level of serum copper was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=1.35,95%CI:1.02-1.80）and high LDL-C hyperlipidemia（OR=1.68,95%CI:1.13-2.48）,high level of serum copper was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=1.58,95%CI:1.18-2.13）and dyslipidemia（OR=1.41,95%CI:1.11-1.80）;middle level of serum zinc was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=1.31,95%CI:1.02-1.69）,high level of serum zinc was positively associated with high TC hyperlipidemia（OR=1.50,95%CI:1.09-2.05）.In stratified analyses by age and gender,high level of serum selenium was positively associated with dyslipidemia in female（OR=1.74,95%CI:1.15-2.63）and older than 45years old group（OR=1.77,95%CI:1.08-2.89）;high level of serum copper was positively associated with dyslipidemia in less than 45 years of age group（OR=1.74,95%CI:1.16-2.61）;high level of serum copper/zinc ratio was positively associated with dyslipidemia in female（OR=1.39,95%CI:1.00-1.94）and less than 45 years old group（OR=1.77,95%CI:1.12-2.77）.Dose-response analyses found that the risk of dyslipidemia was associated with serum selenium,copper and zinc in a linear manner.Serum selenium,copper,and zinc were positively associated with dyslipidemia when the corresponding levels reached 116ug/L,105ug/dL,and 92ug/dL.Conclusion Serum selenium and copper were positively associated with dyslipidemia.Moreover,among middle-aged and elderly female,serum selenium was positively associated with dyslipidemia.Among young female,serum copper/zinc ratio was positively associated with dyslipidemia.The results of the present study need further prospective cohort studies to confirm.