Effects And Mechanism Of Lemon Instant Powder On Serum Uric Acid Levels

Lemon is rich in organic acids,flavonoids,vitamins and other functional ingredients,has high nutritional and medicinal value,international studies have reported the efficacy of lemon functional ingredients in regulating blood lipids and blood pressure.Previously,our laboratory evaluated the effectiveness of lemon lowering serum uric acid in volunteers and mice,developed a patented for a lemon extract,it can be formulated into instant powder.With the continuous improvement of the quality of life of human beings,the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia is also increasing and rapidly getting younger.Therefore,hyperuricemia is getting more and more attention.Although there are no obvious symptoms of hyperuricemia,without treatment,it may cause gout in severe cases and may be closely related to kidney diseases,urinary stones,cardiovascular disease,obesity,and diabetes.The extreme pain and edema of the joints during the onset of gout affect the patient’s life.Clinically common drugs for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout may cause obvious side effects.Based on the pre-experimental study,this study plans to use a mice model of hyperuricemia to evaluate the effect of lemon instant powder to reduce uric acid,and to initially explore the mechanism of uric acid lowering by lemon instant powder.The results obtained are as follows:(1)After using potassium oxonate to establish the mice model of hyperuricemia,the model mice were treated with different doses of lemon instant powder solution,and by measuring the serum uric acid level,we can confirm that the lemon instant powder with a dose of 200 mg/kg or more by orally administered can significantly reduce the serum uric acid level in hyperuricemia model mice and can basically return to normal level.According to the results of organs index,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and histopathological analysis of renal tissues,the side effect of lemon instant powder on the kidneys of mice was not as severe as that of the common drug allopurinol.(2)Hyperuricemia mice were respectively treated with citric acid standards and potassium citrate standards.The results showed that the citric acid standard did not reduce serum uric acid levels in mice.The potassium citrate standard can reduce serum uric acid in mice.Therefore,potassium citrate is an important functional ingredient in lemon instant powder that can reduce the serum uric acid level.(3)In hyperuricemia mice,the instant lemon powder can affect the expression levels of the mAbCG2,mGLUT9,and mURAT1 in kidney,the expression of the mAbCG2 is significantly reduced,and the expression levels of mGLUT9 and mURAT1 are significantly increased.Therefore,the lemon instant powder is likely to reduce serum uric acid levels by inhibiting the apical secretion of urate.This study shows that lemon instant powder has a significant effect of lowering serum uric acid and has lower toxic and side effects.Its mechanism of lowering serum uric acid may by inhibiting the apical secretion of urate.The lemon instant powder can be developed into health foods or medicines for the conditioning of uric acid levels in patients with hyperuricemia.Further studies have shown that potassium citrate in lemons has a significant effect on uric acid lowering,which lays the foundation for further development of uric acid lowering drugs.