Study On The Activities Of Function Of The Polyphenol Of Walnut Kernel Pellicle And Walnut Meal

The walnut(Juglan regia L)is an important woody oil plant and is one of the world’s four nuts.The kernel pellicle of walnut by-product is rich in polyphenols and the walnut meal contains a little polyphenols.In recent years,walnut polyphenol is researched to have antioxidative,inhibitory atherosis,anti-cancer,and lowering blood-lipid.In this paper,we use the kernel pellicle of walnut and walnut meal as raw materials,which are used to research the antioxdant activity of the kernel pellicle of walnut.The healthy functions are detected in the animal level.The main results are as follows:1.Effect of the use of water and different organic solvents such as ethanol and methanol at various concentrations on the polyphenol extraction yield and antioxidant activity was studied for the walnut kernel pellicle.Polyphenol contents of extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu assays.The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated using the ability of the scavenge DPPH radical,hydroxyl radical,superoxide radical and reducing power.The highest ability to scavenging DPPH radical,hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical is 50%ethanol extracts.However,the lowest ability to scavenging DPPH radical,hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical is water extracts.In conclusion,solvent with different concentration had significant effect on polyphenol extraction yield and antioxidant activity.2.To investigate the effects of walnut kernel pellicle polyphenols on learing and memory in hypercholesterolemic mice.Twenty-seven C57BL/6J mice aged 8-week were randomly divided into normal group,high dietary group and polyphenol group.The mice in normal group fed a normal diet and gavaged with distilled water;The mice in high dietary group fed high dietary fat diet and gavaged with distilled water;The mice in polyphenol group fed high dietary fat diet and gavaged with polyphenol extracts.After eight weeks,the learning and memory function was evaluated by Morris water maze.Again,the levels of lipids and malondialdehyde(MDA)content and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in serum and brain were detected separately.The results showed that the escape latency in Morris water maze in normal group and polyphenol group was significantly shorter with respect to high dietaiy group,the number of crossing platform was significantly increased.The contents of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),MDA were significantly reduced,but the activities of SOD in serum were significant increase.In addition,The contents of MDA were significantly reduced and the activity of SOD were significant increase in brain.The differences in cognitive performance between normal group and polyphenol group were not significant.In conclusion,the polyphenol extracts from walnut kermel pellicle could improve learning and memory in hypercholesterolemic mice.The mechanism of its effects might be related to improving lipid metabolism and enhancing the funetion of antioxidant defence system.3.This study was aimed at the chemical composition and inhibitory effects of walnut polyphenol in vitro lipase activity and on obesity in obese mice models.More than 20 individual phenolics such as condensed tannins,flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified by LC-MS in walnut polyphenol.Studying the interactions between porcine pancreatic lipase(PL)and walnut polyphenol were based on fluorescence quenching and an enzymatic assay.The addition of walnut polyphenol to lipase caused a reduction of protein fluorescence intensity at 310 K.In addtion,we found that the effect of walnut polyphenol on PL was dependent on reaction medium and substrate used and the half maximal inhibitory concentration of walnut polyphenol was determined to be 163 μg/mL.At the beginning of the experiment,mice were divided into three groups,one of them served as normal control group(NCG),the second as hyperlipidemia control group(HCG),the last as walnut polyphenol-treated group(WTG).After eight weeks of treatment,we investigated the effects of walnut polyphenol on weight gain,food intake and biochemical indexes in obese mice.The results showed that walnut polyphenol could significantly decrease body weight in obese mice.However,there was no remarkable difference in food intake among three groups.In addition,walnut polyphenol could significantly decrease the TG,TC and LDL-cholesterol(LDL-C)concentrations and increase the HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C)concentrations when compared to the HCG.The levels of hepatic TG and TC were significant decrease in WTG when compared to the HCG.In conclusion,these results suggested that walnut polyphenol could be a potentially therapeutic alternative in the treatment of obesity caused by a high-fat diet.4.To investigate the effects of walnut meal polyphenol on preventing acute drunkenness and relieving alcoholism in micee mice were divided randomly into three groups:normol group,control group,phenolic group.After 12 hours of fasting but with access to water,for this,the drunk time and the sleeping time of mice,that fed with the extracts of walnut meal polyphenol and then the mice in each group were orally administered with 56° alcohol(0.175 ml/10g)after 30 min were determined.The results showed that the extracts of walnut meal polyphenol could decreased the sleeping time of mice and it also could increase the drunk time of mice.In conculsion,these results suggested that the extracts of walnut meal polyphenol might have a good effect on preventing acute drunkenness and relieving alcoholism in mice.