Study On The Reasonable Layout Of Water Fire-Fighting Facilities In Laoshan Forest In Qingdao

With the progress of society and economic development,the traditional forest fire extinguishing methods such as manual fighting and wind extinguishing with No.2 tool and carrying wind extinguisher can not meet the needs of the development of forest fire extinguishing.Water-based fire extinguishing has many advantages,such as fast extinguishing of open fire,high efficiency of fire interception,thorough clearing of fire site,and reducing the life threat of fire fighters on site.The advantages are gradually applied in the practice of modern forest fire prevention and extinguishing.Laoshan mountain district is a forest fire prone area,the distance between the forest and the city is relatively close,the forest fire affects the population more,in order to reduce the loss caused by the forest fire,it is necessary to carry out the relevant research of water fire-fighting.In this paper,Laoshan mountain District of Qingdao city is taken as the research area.The river resources and the rainfall are rich,but the current situation of seasonal rivers is the main one.To carry out the construction of water fire-fighting facilities will help to provide sufficient support for water-based fire-fighting in the period of dry,less rainfall and dry river.In order to improve the efficiency of water-based fire-fighting and reduce the construction cost,it is necessary to reasonably arrange water-based fire-fighting facilities Site selection.Based on the investigation of the distribution of water fire-fighting water intake on the spot,this paper analyzes the layout of water fire-fighting facilities in Laoshan District by using the geographic information system spatial analysis and SPSS statistical analysis method,and realizes the optimal configuration through the terrain,land use,satellite remote sensing and other data.The results are as follows:(1)The main factors of forest fire risk in Laoshan District.Based on the analysis of the characteristics and distribution of forest fire in Laoshan District,it is found that the forest fire in Laoshan district is mainly affected by human factors,among which the number of forest fires caused by burning paper and burning wasteland in the above graves is the most,and there is no significant correlation between the distribution of cemeteries and the number of fires caused by burning paper in the above graves,which indicates that the fire caused by burning paper in the above graves is mainly caused by scattered graves,and the area of impervious surface and combustible materials.The boundary length between them is significantly related to the occurrence of forest fire in Laoshan District,which indicates that forest fire is related to the human entering the forest area.The layout of water-based firefighting facilities should consider more relevant areas.(2)Coverage of existing water fire-fighting facilities in Laoshan District.There are 80 water-based fire-fighting facilities(fire-fighting reservoirs)in Laoshan District,which is far from meeting the requirements of the forest fire prevention planning of Laoshan District(2018-2025).The coverage radius of each water-based fire-fighting facility is 500 m,and a large number of high-risk areas are not covered by water-based fire-fighting facilities,so it is necessary to further add points and strengthen the coverage capacity.(3)Based on the analysis of the suitability and cost of water-based fire-fighting facilities,the layout scheme of water fire-fighting facilities is determined.Through literature analysis and GIS three-step method,this paper analyzes the coverage of existing water-based fireextinguishing facilities in Laoshan District,analyzes the suitability of water-based fireextinguishing facilities in Laoshan District and the factors hindering the development of their functions,follows the basic requirements of "priority of suitable construction areas and expansion of the coverage of water-based fire-extinguishing facilities",and adds the suitable construction points of water-based fire-extinguishing facilities Adjust and optimize the function of water fire-fighting facilities and the coverage of high-risk areas.Finally,the number of fire prevention water storage points in Laoshan mountain District needs to be increased from 80 to 191,and the coverage of water fire extinguishing in the area of Laoshan District has been increased from 40% to 82%,and encrypted layout has been implemented for the complex terrain in the southeast of Laoshan District.