Effects Of Supplementary Irrigation Water And Fertilizer Application In Different Growth Periods On Agronomic And Yield Traits Of Potato Under Mulch Drip Irrigation

The use of fertilizer and water is the key technical measure for high yield in actual potato production.Farmers keep on increasing their input in water and fertilizer in pursuit of yield during the potato production process,and most of them use large water ridge irrigation technology.Fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer and applied in a furrow near the seed potato.Extensive production of"huge amounts of water and huge amounts of fertilizer"causes water waste.Fertilizer permeates the underground with water resulting in polluting underground water source,lower fertilizer utilization rate and higher agricultural production cost.The fertilizer is so closed to the potato seed resulting in seed burned frequently,which affects the plant growth and reduces the yield.The above poses a huge threat to potato quality and safety in industrial development.Therefore,this research is based on actual production,using the potato variety Favorita as the test material,according to the characteristics of water and fertilizer requirements of potatoes in different growth periods.First,under the same conditions of fertilizer application and field management,with traditional flood irrigation as a control,the effects of different supplemental irrigation water on potato biological yield and yield traits was studied,the best relative soil water content and best relative water content for spring potato irrigation in different growth periods were screened,verified and determined.Secondly,under the same conditions of watering and irrigation and field management,different proportions of topdressing were carried out in the seedling stage,the group stage,the full potato stage,and the middle and late stage of the potato to study the effect of the fertilizer amount in different growth stages on potato plants.The effects of high chlorophyll content,yield,commercial properties,dry matter,etc.,have grasped the effects of various fertilization methods on potato plants,yield and quality.Research indicates:1.The suitable soil water content during the key growth period of spring potato under the condition of water and fertilizer integration and the amount of supplemental irrigation water during the whole growth period of potato were determined:Under the condition of drip irrigation under mulch,the relative water content of potato soil after sowing is 50%before seedling,50%at seedling stage,60%at rosette stage,and 70%at flourishing stage-middle and late tuber formation stage.Watering is stopped one week before harvest and full growth.The water consumption during the growth period is 1269m~3/hm~2,which saves 32.7%of water compared with the traditional local irrigation,saving water-using cost 10 yuan per mu,and saving labor cost 40 yuan per mu.2.It is determined that the spring potato fertilizer consumption under the condition of water and fertilizer integration is 529.5 kg/hm~2,which is 21.6%less than the conventional fertilization of local farmers,saving fertilization cost 180 yuan per mu:1200kg/hm~2organic fertilizer and 900kg/hm~2 compound fertilizer with seedling topdressing before planting.Applying urea 60kg/hm~2with topdressing potassium sulfate 75kg/hm~2 in the rosette stage with topdressing potassium sulfate 75kg/hm~2 with topdressing urea 5kg/hm~2 in the middle and late tuber formation stage makes the highest potato yield,large potato rate,dry matter accumulation,which is the best fertilizer application method.